Prediction And Estimation Of Sediments Discharge From Kangimi Dam Reservoir Catchment, Kaduna, Nigeria
Journal Title: Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology - Year 2016, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
Sedimentation has been found to be a major future threat to water shortage and scarcity, as human activities and animal rearing aggravate its sources. There is need to provide the tools to predict and measure sediments, hence, this work aimed at providing a model to predict and estimate quantitatively sediment inflows for an area with herds’ activities. The work applied Global Information System to derive the catchment feature characteristics for various sub-catchments. Soil samples were randomly collected for particle size analysis using Bouyoucos method for soil erodibility determination, while water samples were collected from surface runoff for suspended sediment concentrations using filtration and drying methods. The sediment load was obtained by multiplying the discharge and suspended concentration, and then converted to kilogram per day/tones per day. A rating relationship between the sediment loads and discharges on slope, drainage areas and herds’ column, were used to determine the effects of sediment discharge characteristics. The prediction and estimation was done using Multivariate Universal Soil Loss Equation, thus, model formulation. The parameters of Universal Soil Loss Equation were evaluated from the standard in conjunction with global information system tool. However, the research provide the drainage areas, slope and four indices of soil erodibility to regressed against measured sediments from herds’ column, for determining the extent and severity of sediment generation from the catchment, hence, the model. The soil particle size indicated that soil aggregates were not stable and prone to sediment and erosion wash if agricultural land use, animal herdship and human activities, persist. The model predicted well with Modified Clay Ratio with coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.83 and coefficient of correlation, R= 0.91 at 0.01 (p<0.01). The study shows that herds’ activities contributed to sediment yields as model reasonably matched with the measured data and moderately predicted within the data without deviation, and recommended the use of the model for the Kangimi dam reservoir sediment inflows among others compared.
Authors and Affiliations
Abdulkareem Ibrahim Ayinla, Agunwamba C Jona
Keywords
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