A study of clinical profile of dengue in children in the age group of 6 months to 12 years
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Pediatrics - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: The global prevalence of dengue has grown dramatically in recent decades. Since the last 20 years, there is a global increase in frequency of Dengue infection. Worldwide 50-100 million cases are being reported annually. Each year approximately 500000 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever require hospitalization, including 90% children less than 15 years of age Aims and objectives: To study the clinical profile of dengue in children in the age group of 6 month to 12 years admitted in tertiary care institute Materials and Methods: In the present study children in age group 6 months to 12 years hospitalized with clinical manifestation and/ or lab investigations supporting dengue fever were enrolled. Clinical and laboratory data was recorded in all the selected patients. The collected data was recorded in a prestructured proforma and entered in Microsoft excel. The data was analysed and presented with appropriate graphs and tables. Results: Out of total 100 cases of dengue, 33 were suffering from dengue fever, 39 were suffering from dengue hemorrhagic fever and 28 were suffering from dengue shock syndrome. Majority of the cases were 6 years to 12 years of age. Male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The most common presenting symptom was fever (100%) and was followed by vomiting (69%), rash (51%), Bleeding stool (57%) and Abdominal pain (57%). Pallor (58%), tachypnea (45%) and rash (36%) were the common signs observed. Among the cases of dengue fever pallor and tachypnea was the most common presenting sign. In dengue hemorrhagic fever along with pallor and tachypna; petechiae (51.58%), melena (51.28%), Pedal edema (30.77%), Periorbital edema (38.46%) and rash (25.64%) were also observed. Among the cases of dengue shock syndrome signs of shock (100%), rash (85.71%) and pallor (64.29%) and tachypnea (75%) were the most common presenting signs. On clinical examination hepatomegaly and abdominal tenderness were the most common clinical findings observed. On CNS examination disoriented state was observe in 38.46% and 50% patents of DHF and DSS respectively. On respiratory examination crepitations were observed in 57.14% of DSS patients whereas 5.13% patients of DHF were having crepitations. No patient of DF and DHF was suffering from pleural effusion. X-ray features were confirmed with USG abdomen. Conclusion: Endemicity of dengue fever is on the rise with increased incidence among children. Fever, hepatomegaly, vomiting, bleeding tendencies, erythematous rash, distention of abdomen, ascites and pleural effusion, respiratory distress are suggestive of a more severe course. Laboratory investigations reveal thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes, and leucopenia, haemoconcentration. Predictive markers for DHS/DSS are younger age, rash, melena, petechiae, tender abdomen, fluid collection in abdomen, hepatomegaly, pleural effusion, thrombocytopenia and secondary infections.
Authors and Affiliations
Sachin Talpe
Keywords
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- EP ID EP449243
- DOI 10.26611/1012436
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