Complex translation transformations in scientific text translations made from english into ukrainian
Journal Title: Scientific journal «International Journal of Philology» - Year 2015, Vol 1, Issue 225
Abstract
The aim of the research is to study the types of complex translation transformations which include both combined «simple» replacements: lexical-semantic, grammatical and complex lexico – grammatical: antonymic and descriptive translation, stylistical transformations in scientific literature translations made from English into Ukrainian. Problems of technical terms translation are also studied. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to solve the following tasks: - to find out the difference between concepts of equivalence and adequacy of translation analyzing the works by great linguists: P. Newmark, О. Kade, G. Mounin, A. Neubert, K. Reiss, J. P. Vinai, J. Darbelnet and many others; - to identify the classification of types and methods of translation transformations and the levels of translation equivalence - to analyze the main lexico-grammatical and lexical-semantic transformations; - to determine stylistical and syntax translation problems and find corresponding translation transformations. Having examined the works of prominent linguists, the concepts of adequacy and equivalence of the translation have been defined. They are not identical as some modern translators believe. Equivalence is the best combination of semantics and the form, denotative, connotative, stylistic, cultural, pragmatic information of original texts. Adequacy – is the correlation of the source text and the target one, in which the purpose of the translation is taken into account. This translation must be completely understandable to the specialist. An attempt to elaborate a general classification of types and methods of translation transformations was undertaken in this article. Having analyzed the grammatical (morphological and syntactic) peculiarities of scientific texts one can conclude that the most common constructions are sentences with verbs in the Passive Voice, as well as Non Finite Forms of the Verb: Gerund, Infinitive, Absolute Participle Construction that require the use of complex grammatical and lexico-grammatical replacements (transformations). The grammatical transformation means changing grammatical characteristics of a word, word combination or a sentence in translation. There are five main types of grammatical transformations: transposition (permutation), replacement (substitution), addition, omission (removal), and complex transformation. Complex lexical and grammatical transformations include: antonymous, descriptive translation (explication) and compensation. Analyzing the lexical peculiarities of scientific texts one can see that special terms can cause the greatest difficulties as the same term may have different meanings according to the sphere where it is used. General classification of lexical-semantic transformations includes: specification, generalization and modulation (semantic development). To achieve adequate translation of scientific text one must skillfully use all types and methods of translation transformations, have knowledge about the branch of industry and good knowledge of its terminology, and take into account stylistic and morphological-syntactic features of the text. The practical significance of the research is to work out the training methods, on the basis of these materials, for further developing translation competence of future professionals.
Authors and Affiliations
A Polishchuk
Keywords
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