Intergenerational variability of strength abilities in children from three Malopolska agglomerations in the context of their somatic and mental development
Journal Title: Antropomotoryka. Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences - Year 2013, Vol 23, Issue 61
Abstract
Introduction. The Authors used some of the materials from their own research and some gathered by a research team from Jagiellonian University 30 years earlier in order to define long-term change tendencies at the turn of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in terms of the biological and mental development of children between 4 and 14 years of age living in three different agglomerations of the Malopolska region. The reason for conducting this research was a well-documented phenomenon of temporal variability of the physical and mental development in subsequent generations of people living in a specific ecological niche under the influence of changing environmental conditions.Aim of the study.The main aim was to discover the range and direction of the long-term generational changes in children between 4 and 14 years of age living in three different agglomerations in the Malopolska region during the system transformation in Poland. Another aim was to assess the influence of intergenerational variability of the children during their progressive ontogenetic development on the range and direction of environmental differences (social gradients) resulting from the sociocultural status of their place of residence.Materials and methods. The research was conducted between 2005 and 2010 using the observation method. The following characteristics of 1429 boys and girls between 4 and 14 years of age were measured: body height, strength abilities, and nonverbal intelligence. The same observations of somatic, motoric, and mental development conducted between 1975 and 1980 by researchers of Jagiellonian University were used as a point of reference in the assessment of intergenerational changes.Results.The detected range and direction of long-term change tendencies in somatic, motoric, and mental development in children were relative to: the stage of the biological and mental development, the place of residence, and the level of development of the biological and mental characteristics in the given calendar age.Conclusions. The research did not confirm the existence of the “scissors effect” and the possibility of changing the environmental differences existing in previous generations in the somatic, motoric, and mental development of children living in the specific environmental niches.
Authors and Affiliations
Edward Mleczko, Jan Blecharz, Joanna Gradek, Agnieszka Płatek, Katarzyna Supernat
Keywords
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