Скринінг пігментосинтезувальних дріжджів – біоіндикаторів іонів хрому (VI) (SCREENING OF PIGMENT-SYNTHESIZINGYEASTS–BIOINDICATORS OF CHROMIUM IONS (VI))
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2018, Vol 23, Issue 1
Abstract
Yeasts are most sensitive to the action of heavy metals (HM). They are capable of withdrawing more HM from aqueous solutions than other sorbents. The visual observation of the change in the brightness of pigments due to the effects of various concentrations of HMs has the advantage of indicating the state of the environment through physical and chemical methods, resulting in pigment-synthesizing yeasts being recommended in the purification and bioindication of sewage. Therefore, the purpose of the work was to screen for carotene- and pulcherrimine-synthesizing yeast – indicators Cr6+. The object of the study was carotene-synthesizing yeast of the genera Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces, as well as pulccherimin’s strains of yeasts of the genus Metschnikowia. Solid nutrient medium Sabouraud was prepared on the basis of waterwith a certain content of potassium bichromate (in terms of cation). Nutrient medium Sabouraud without metals was used as a control. When Sabouraud set congeal, 18-days culture was seeded by solid lawn on it (0.2 ml per one Petri dish). Suspension density was 107/ml. Yeasts incubated in the thermostat under the temperature 27–28 °С. Results were calculated on the 3rd day cultivation. Visual observation and comparison of the experimental samples with the control were carried out. For the calculation of the color intensity difference between experimental and control samples, the Petri dishes with yeasts colonies were photographed, photos were loaded in the program Adobe Photoshop, indexes of the color model channels (Lab), and then the difference of the pigment color intensity was calculated in the program CIEDE 2000 Spectrophotometric method was used to determine the concentration of carotenoids in yeast biomass. The concentration of β-carotene, torolulin and torularodine was determined at 450, 509, 537 nm, respectively. Comparison of the visual assessment of the pigment accumulation of yeast and the concentration of carotenoids was found to have a strong correlation r=+1. Dependence of signs is statistically significant, p <0.05. Screening of yeast – bioindicators of Chromium ions was researched. For bioindication of water quality, the most informative, as indicator microorganisms are Sp. roseus Y-333, Rh. glutinis Y-1333, Rh. glutinis Y-1335, Rh. mucilaginosa Y-1394 and Rh. aurantiaca Y-1195. The yeast of R. diobovatum Y-43, unlike yeast of other genera, did not lose the ability to fully accumulate carotenoids and did not have a concentration interval between the loss of pigments and growth retardation, but gradually reduced the intensity of pigment color when the concentration of Chromium ions increased (in the range of 10–150 mg/dm3), which is a valuable property for bioindicative studies. As a result of the comparative analysis of the influence of Chromium ions on yeast Rhodosporidium, Metschnicowia, Sporobolomyces and Rhodotorula, it can be noted that the genus Rhodosporidium was resistant to the effects of Chromium ions compared to other pigment-synthesizing yeast species, but the Rhodotorula species showed oligodynamic effect in the presence of potassium bichromate, therefore, there is an informative bioindicator of Chromium ions. Зроблено порівняльний аналіз візуальної оцінки пігментонакопичення дріжджів Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Y-1394 та концентрації каротиноїдів у клітинах. Встановлена наявність сильного кореляційного зв’язку. Рекомендовано для використання у біоіндикації йонів Хрому пігментовані дріжджові культури, а саме: Sporobolomyces roseus Y-333, Rh. glutinis Y-1333, Rh. glutinis Y-1335, Rh. mucilaginosa Y-1394 та Rh. aurantiaca Y-1195, які проявили олігодинамічну дію в присутності Калію біхромату. Відносно пігментоутворення найбільш токсичну дію йони Хрому спричинили на дріжджі Sp. roseus Y-1443, які виявилися у 40 разів чутливіше, ніж Rhodosporidium sphaerocarpum Y-44. Повна втрата пігментів спостерігалася за концентрації Cr6+ у дріжджів R. sphaerocarpum Y-44 – 200 мг/дм3.
Authors and Affiliations
Ю. В. Валерченко, К. С. Крупєй (Julia Valerchenko, Krystina Krupey)
Keywords
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- EP ID EP507915
- DOI 10.26661/2312-2056/2018-23/1-13
- Views 95
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