The level of aggression syndrome and a type of practised combat sport
Journal Title: Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts - Year 2010, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
[b]Introduction.[/b] The issue of aggression and aggressiveness is very important from the application point of view, almost in every field of human activity. In the literature on psychology, aggression, as an action or form, is distinguished from aggressiveness which is an individual’s feature. These ideas are, quite often, interchangeably used. In sport we also see aggression which expresses normal and positive adaptational behavior, what is close to assertiveness, not to destructive aggression. There are various definitions, but actually they refer to three theories: impulse or instinct, the theory of learning and the ”frustrationaggression” theory. In sport assertive behavior is an example of highly directed physical and psychical activities. Practicing a combat sport is one of the ways of counteracting the socialization difficulties.[b]Material and methods. [/b]The 80 competitors (men) were subject to our examination, they practice combat sports as: boxing, aikido, taekwondo and karate (Shotokan). The examined men practice their sports in many clubs in Poland. The competitors are from the macro- regional or country teams, so they are at high-competitive levels, they are aged 22-38. The Z. Gas’s Inventory of Psychological Aggression Syndrome (IPSA in Polish) was used to our examinations. The Inventory meets the requirements of a psychometric test. It has well elaborated standards, and is highly reliable in terms of indexes. The importance of mean differences (medians) U Mann-Whitney’s and the t-Students importance of differences were used. [b]Results.[/b] On the ground of the results, we can state, that karate and aikido competitors had the highest results referred to controlling the aggressive behavior. Those results are close to high estimation, the difference, in relation to the taekwondo competitors, is of 2 sten (approx. 20 % of the increase), and the boxers of 4 sten (approx. 40 %) and it is statistically important (U test: p=0,009; p<0,01The U index, of hidden aggression, is of the average values in the boxers, and the low average in the others. The difference is statistically significant (the U test, p=0,032; p<0,05) and is nearly of 10% of the increase of index. At the index of external aggression we can observe the biggest dispersion of results. That difference is statistically significant (the U test; p=0,0011; p<0,01), and also obvious between the karate competitors, they had the average result at the low level (3 sten) and the boxers, who got the average result at the rather high level (8 sten), approx of 50% of the increase.[b]Conclusions. [/b]The obtained results, indirectly, indicate that the master levels, and a long-year competitive period in combat sports, result in decreasing the levels of aggression. The levels of aggression and control their aggressive behavior are very depending on the practiced combat sport. Those, who practice karate, have the lowest levels of aggression and better control their aggressive behavior. The boxers manifested the highest levels of aggression. The average result of those, practicing karate, taekwondo and aikido, are at that index we can state the positive effects of combat sport on socialization. It manifests in the decrease of aggression towards other people. It is very important effect of practicing combat sports, in psychosocial and educational terms.
Authors and Affiliations
Marek Graczyk, Tadeusz Hucinski, Henryk Norkowski, Alicja Pęczak-Graczyk, Anna Rozanowska
Keywords
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