Ukrainian National Movement and Poland from the 1840s to the 1870s
Journal Title: Przegląd Wschodni - Year 2017, Vol 14, Issue 55
Abstract
The article is based on the author’s book, Brothers or Enemies: the Ukrainian National Movement and Russia from the 1840s to the 1870s (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2016). Various imperial authorities disagreed among themselves regarding the Ukrainian movement – occasionally, some of them perceived it as a useful counterweight to the Polish movement, while others were wary of its subversive potential. Ilarion Vasilchikov, the Governor- General of Kyiv in 1853–1862, was the most prominent among those politicians who supported co-operation with the Ukrainian activists. However, this group remained a minority within the imperial administration, while the majority favored restricting Ukrainian activities. Vasilchikov’s opponents consciously and insincerely developed the myth that the Ukrainian movement owed its origins to Polish intrigue. There were various orientations among the Ukrainians regarding the Polish question. Heorhyi Andruzky, a rank-and-file member of the Society, inclined towards siding with Poland against Russia, as did Andrii Krasovsky, a second lieutenant who in 1862 was arrested in Kyiv for a clumsy attempt to get soldiers to disobey orders. However, others – like Panteleimon Kulish and Volodymyr Antonovych – wrote rather anti-Polish texts. The journal Osnova, which appeared in 1861–1862, supported the formation of a federation consisting of at least Russia, Ukraine and Poland. In early 1864, correspondence took place between the Polish National Government and a group called Progressive Rusyn Hromada, which asked the government to recognize Ukraine’s right to self- determination. In return, the Ukrainian group promised to work for a federation of Ukraine and Poland. The National Government rejected the proposal, referring to the legal principle of restoring the pre-partition borders of 1772. In his publication, under the auspices of the Imperial Russian Geographic Society, Pavlo Chubynsky portrayed Poles as wealthy conservatives, creating a dichotomy of democratic Russia and aristocratic, clerical Poland. However, the newspaper Kievskii Telegraf, which in 1875 was the organ of Kyiv Ukrainophiles, delicately criticized government policies with regard to Poles as excessively repressive.
Authors and Affiliations
Johannes Remy
Keywords
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