Authors:
ADNAN VELAGIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The paper deals with the position of Herzegovina in the Middle Ages. Although the significance and role of the surrounding causes and phenomena have been elaborated, which have undoubtedly influenced the situation of this area in certain periods, the main focus of the paper was placed on the position of Herzegovina within the Bosnian state, to which it belonged during the Middle Ages. However, the pronounced animosity among the Bosnian authorities and the inability of the central authorities to put the situation under control were often the main cause of the struggle against Hum. The foreign forces, especially the Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, contributed to this, as they supported their state interests for their interests.
Keywords: Land of Hum, Bosnian kingdom, Hungarians, Ottomans
Authors:
UROŠ DAKIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
Relations between the Patriarchate of Pec and the Ottoman state were rising, while the members of the Orthodox branch of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian family Sokolovic, relatives of the great vizier Mehmed-pasha Sokolovic, were placed on the patriarchal throne. Shortly after vizier’s murder in 1579, the policies of the Serbian Church and the Ottoman Empire began to diverge that caused their bad relations. The patriarchs who inherited the "dynasty" Sokolović su began to associate with increasingly frequent anti-Ottoman movements both inside and outside the Empire, and consequently, the position of the Serbian church weakened until it was finally abolished in 1766.
Keywords: Mehmed-pasha Sokolović, Ottoman Empire, Serbian Patriarchate of Peć, Constantinople Patriarchate, Makarije Sokolović
Authors:
SAFET BANDŽOVIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The past and the present are inseparable, one interprets the other. Many "long-lasting" processes go beyond local frameworks and regional borders. This also applies to the complex "Eastern question", as well as the problem of the deosmanization of the Balkans, whose political geography in the 19th and 20th centuries was exposed to radical overlaps. Wars and persecutions are important factors in the history of Balkan Muslims. In the seventies of the XIX century, they constituted half of the population in the Ottoman part of the Balkans. With war devastation, a considerable part was killed or expelled to Anadolia between 1870 and 1890. The emergent "Turkish islands" in the Balkans after 1878 were increasingly narrowed, or disappeared due to the displacement of Muslims. Multiethnic and religious color of the Balkans disturbed accounts with simple categorizations. The term "balkanization" signified, after the Balkan wars of 1912-1913, "not only the fragmentation of large and powerful political units, but became synonymous with returning tribal, backward, primitive, and barbaric." The Balkanization of "Ottoman Europe" and the violent changes in its ethnic-religious structure led to discontinuity, the erosion of history, as well as fragmentation of the minds of the remaining Muslims and their afflicted communities, the lack of knowledge of the interconnectedness of their fates. The emigration of Bosniaks and other Muslims of different ethnic and linguistic backgrounds from the Balkans to various parts of the Ottoman Empire, and then to Turkey, during the XIX and XX centuries, had a number of consequences.
Keywords: "Eastern issue", Ottoman Empire, Turkey, Balkans, Muslims, Bosniaks, deosmanisation, refugees, balkanization, culture of memory
Authors:
IZET ŠABOTIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The paper gives a brief overview of the problem of traffic regulation and border crossings on the Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro border in 1912. After the border between Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina was established at the Berlin Congress in 1878, certain problems were created in the realization of communications and the transition between the population of the border parts of this state. It was the area of the districts: Foca, Gacko, Bileca and Trebinje from the Bosnian side and the Pivka and Golija Captains from the Montenegrin side. Namely, in certain places there were no transitions from one side or the other, so the population went to the so-called. "Illegal" places, performing trade and other necessary jobs and needs. This represented some difficulties for the authorities of both countries, because many goods were smuggled, or not cleared, which caused some damage to these countries. The authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro were willing to regulate border relations, the establishment of several official crossing points, and the established procedure for monitoring passengers and clearance of goods. In 1912, this procedure was up-to-date, as confirmed by the mutual correlation between the official authorities of these states. In this paper, on the basis of several documents, attempts were made to point out attempts to regulate traffic and grant privileges to citizens on this border by the states of Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, The State Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ministry of Interior of Montenegro, Captain Pivska and Golijska, the districts: Gacko, Foca, Bileca and Trebinje
Authors:
REDŽEP ŠKRIJELJ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
Based on unpublished sources from Serbian, Turkish, Austrian and other archives, we illuminate the phenomenon of Muslim volunteers (volunteers). In this study, on the basis of archival material and the telling of contemporaries, we are talking about Bosniak warriors who were taken away to write history, but most of them did not know the geography. Namely, after the occupation of the Sandžak region (November 21, 1915), in the autumn of 1916 - the spring of 1917, the Austro-Hungarian Army, with the help of local ages and begs, carried out a fierce propaganda campaign, after which in the struggle against the Russians, front in Ukraine, took more than 10 thousand volunteers aged between 18 and 50 years. The occupying Austro-Hungarian authorities used the Ottoman Empire to enter the First World War on the side of the Central Powers for propaganda against the forces of Antanta, accusing them of the First World War for the destruction of Muslims, opposing the Bosniak population the illusion of the renewal of the Ottoman authorities in Sandzak. The second phase of mobilization (1917) denies the claim of "volunteers" because most of them are violently intervened. In the nation, these warriors were still known as "dwarfs". Most of them disappeared or transferred to the Middle East fronts. Every tenth captured or survived returned to homeland, which explains the vast post-war depopulation of the male population.
Keywords: Volunteers - Djurumlija, Sandzak, Galicia, Austro-Hungarian, First World War, British camps
Authors:
NAKA K. NIKŠIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The difficult position of Bosniaks Sandžak at the beginning of the 20th century has caused the uprising of individuals from the authorities and their association with comites (rebels). According to historical sources, the most famous Sandzak rebel was Jusuf Mehonjić, a native of Šahović (village Grančarevo), which Zaimović, in one of his work, called the Bosniak's Wilhelm Tell. He is mentioned in numerous epic poems called the so-called rebel opus that we find in the collections of oral literature of Bosniaks Sandžak, and from them the knowledge of his intellectual and physical potential, as well as the character of the protector of the disadvantaged and endangered Bosniaks. However, when it comes to ethnomusicological collections, we find that there is not a single song about this historical personality in them. The aim of this work is to preserve the musical tradition of Sandzak Bosniaks by finding and ethnomusicologic recording of lyrical poems about Jusuf Mehonjic, as well as pointing to the possibility of their nurturing through the education system in teaching in the Bosnian language in Serbia. The work and the work of Jusuf Mehonjić were examined in the paper by theoretical analysis of historical and literary sources. At the same time, the Finnish method recorded the only lyrical song about him, which we found by exploring the live musical tradition of the Sandzak Bosniaks. This is the song of Moj sokole pogledaj niz polje. This work should contribute to preserving the musical tradition of the Sandzak Bosniaks and getting to know Jusuf Mehonjic - a significant figure in the history of Sandzak.
Keywords: Jusuf Mehonjić, Bosniaks, Sandzak, lyrical poem
Authors:
SEAD SELIMOVIC
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The school system represents for each country and society one of the most important segments. Because of this, but also a number of other reasons the authorities try to put schools under their control. Through the education of Bosnia and Herzegovina, political, economic, cultural, national and other goals of the ruling political elites were realized. Curricula and curricula eliminated content whose educational goals were in line with the interests of the Austro-Hungarian regime. The ruling elite spread the idea of a "one-tribe nation", striving to create a unique political, economic, educational and cultural space. Teachers who had to respond to the "spirit of time", and curricula and curriculum, had an important place in achieving goals. Significant changes have been made in the group of national subjects (history, geography, Serbian or Croatian language), with emphasis on the history and geography of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, and works for Serbian school, literature in literature, literature and literature from the Serbian, Croatian or Slovenian literature. The largest number of workbooks were written by authors from Croatia and Serbia, while only a small number were from Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Keywords: Opportunities, education, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, Provincial government for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Provincial administration, temporary state organization, teaching staff, programs, teachers, textbooks
Authors:
ZEĆIR RAMČILOVIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
On the territory of today's Republic of Macedonia, people of different nations, religions and cultures live for centuries. Different states and administrations, but also peoples who have always strived for a prosperous state in which everyone would have complete freedom, simply equal opportunities, rights and obligations. With this ideology, the generations of Macedonian citizens were born and died. In the period between the two world wars living in the Vardar part of Macedonia in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was not easy. In the conditions when the authorities do not recognize the existence of Macedonians, but also Bosniaks, who, except in the territory of historical Bosnia, live in all parts of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the struggle for freedom and equality of all peoples living in it is intensified even more. This struggle for the preservation and building of a national identity had a revolutionary socio-economic character, as it sought to abolish class domination over most of the population. The bearer of this struggle was the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (CPY). In this movement, Macedonians and Bosnians saw a chance to realize their aspirations to build a state in which they would be equal to other nations of former Yugoslavia. In the Vardar region of Macedonia, the bearers of this ideology and the revolutionary movement alongside the Macedonians were also Bosniaks. One of the first and most important Macedonian revolutionaries was a Bosniak Alija Avdovic. It starts its activity from the earliest days of the organized communist movement in Vardar Macedonia. Better to say, one of the founders of the movement, when in the spring of 1933, the Provincial Committee (PK) of the CPY for Macedonia is formed. Believing that Yugoslavia is possible only as a community of equal peoples, but also as a community in which there is no class domination, Alija Avdovic is actively working on raising awareness and creating revolutionary cells that will enable the realization of this idea. Why he was driven, convicted, and imprisoned. But nothing has crushed him in this fight. In the onslaught of fascism when the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was occupied, and the movement grew into a unified armed resistance to the freedom of the future common state of equal peoples, its work was gaining in intensity. The new fascist authorities have tried to arrest and destroy all the more significant revolutionaries. In August 1941, he was arrested and then shot by a young life, but whose work and ideas were extended to live and partially realized in the anti-fascist struggle and the creation of a new Yugoslav state.
Keywords: Alija Avdovic, Macedonia, Bosniaks, CPY, revolutionary work, Hasanbegovo, fascist authorities
Authors:
SENAID HADŽIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The author deals with the issue of the influence of the state administration on certain segments of the Bosnian society in the conditions of post-war reconstruction and the first five-year plan. The paper presents historical facts that speak about the circumstances of introduction of rationed and guaranteed supply of the population, which is often underlined by the concept of secured supply, the manner of realization of it, certain shortcomings, omissions and way of controlling the entire society through the mentioned supply. The work is written on the basis of, until now, unpublished archival material stored in the Archives of Yugoslavia, the archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina, regional archives, then published sources, statistical annals, the contemporary press and relevant literature.
Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, population, reconstruction, secured supply, rationed supply, guaranteed supply
Authors:
SEAD OMERBEGOVIĆ, NIHAD KULENOVIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The paper presents the history of higher education transformation in the region of northeastern Bosnia until the founding of the Faculty of Philosophy, nowadays modernly organized higher education institutions, whose roots reach back to 1941. Because, right then, during the Second World War, the first School of Teacher Education began in operation in Tuzla, which, in a way, has begun to pave the Pedagogical Academy and the present Faculty of Philosophy in Tuzla. Political discussions and decisions of the executive and legislative authorities of all levels necessary for the founding of the Faculty of Philosophy are shown. Chronologically, the development of the faculties from two-course study programs in the initial period of education to the innovative one-subject study programs based on the Sorbonne Declaration of 25 May 1998, the Bologna Declaration of 19 June 1999 and the structure of educational studies at some faculties in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Europe and the world.
Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, northeast Bosnia, Tuzla, University, Faculty of Philosophy, Teacher's School, education, study programs, transformation, social processes, state, society
Authors:
JASMIN JAJČEVIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
Cultural policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Second World War was aimed at strengthening the network of cultural, scientific and other institutions. Libraries had an important place within institutions. The new government helped build libraries and provided them with material resources. A large number of professional and special libraries of different rank and significance have been established. By establishing libraries after the Second World War, efforts were made to encourage the interest of the population in the book, and this was achieved by using various ways of agitating and popularizing libraries. Libraries began to be established in all places in northeastern Bosnia where conditions existed. Opening of city, town and local public libraries. Libraries and reading rooms were closely linked to the literacy of the population. As one of the more active forms of enlightenment, the advantage was that they were accessible to the broadest masses, they did not cost much and could easily be organized and maintained. The work on the opening and renovation of libraries and reading rooms was particularly intense in the aftermath of the Second World War. At that time, libraries were established in all major administrative centers, thus establishing a network of libraries in northeastern Bosnia. On the establishment of libraries in northeastern Bosnia after the Second World War, with the emphasis on the establishment and operation of the National Library in Tuzla, and with which problems and shortcomings they encountered, will be discussed in this paper.
Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, northeastern Bosnia, Tuzla, libraries, founding, work, National library in Tuzla, books, reading rooms, readers
Authors:
SEMIR HADŽIMUSIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
To present opportunities in Lukavac education in the period 1945-1953. means talking about primary education, first of all about four-year, and later also eight-year elementary schools, for the reconstruction of school facilities, education and training of personnel for the needs of the economy, links between education and culture, and other similar issues. In Lukavac old schools are being rebuilt and new schools are being raised. The inclusion of pupils in elementary education in this period was considerably higher than before. In addition to regular classes, schools participate in organized work on the literacy of the population through analytical courses. The school becomes the center of both educational and cultural life. The cultural function of the school is particularly prominent in rural areas, where educational workers were the main bearers of the cultural life of the village.
Keywords: Lukavac, Poljice, Smoluća, education, elementary schools, working schools
Authors:
KADRIJA HODŽIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
Salih Burek is one of the most respected economists in B&H, a professor and economic thinker of the Tuzla region from the late 50s to the early 1970s. Due to critical approaches to the party leadership of the Tuzla basin and the development of the contradicted economic concepts of the development of the chemical industry in Tuzla, it is strongly politically discredited and removed from public life. Politically-designed police accusations are classified as so-called Tuzla group, which in the mid-1970s was at the center of the biggest political affair in the socialist times of Tuzla and Bosnia and Herzegovina as a whole. Burek was the closest associate of Pashaga Mandzic, the hero of the revolution and the most important political figure of Tuzla of that time, proclaimed the leader of the so-called Tuzla Group. In the structure of the assembled political and police-judicial incrimination of Pasaga Mandzic and Tuzla group consisted literally of all ideological and political hostilities that existed at the time against socialism and socialist self-government in Yugoslavia. The interweaving of the fate of Salih Burek and Pasaga Mandzic and the common political suffering will make their biographies almost inseparable. By a judgment of the District Court in Tuzla (1975), he was sentenced to six years in prison in Zenica. After exiting from prison (1981), he again dedicated himself as a scientific associate of the Economic Institute in Tuzla to the improvement of the economic development of the Tuzla area.
Keywords: Salih Burek, Pašaga Mandžić, "Tuzla Group", Alliance of Communists of B&H, political condemnations
Authors:
OMER ZULIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
The author of the paper deals with the research and study of the process of the dissolution of the former SFRY, and the restoration of the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, through the pages of the daily newspaper Oslobodjenje. Namely, important lexical sources relevant to the study of historical processes in Bosnia and Herzegovina are available in the Oslobodjenje paper, which monitored and brought news about the process of the dissolution of the SFRY, and the restoration of the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to investigate the atmosphere and the environment in which the changes were taking place, as was the case in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as was the reaction of the then side, but also the domestic, political and other public. In this way, one more complete picture of everyday life in Bosnia and Herzegovina is to be given in these fateful moments of its millennial existence and specialties.
Keywords: Dissolution, SFRY, Bosnia and Herzegovina, renewal of independence, Oslobodjenje.
Authors:
SEAD OMERBEGOVIĆ, IZET HADŽIĆ
Year: 2018,
Volume: 1,
Number: 1
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Abstract
Political circumstances are the result of the action of political factors, the power structures in one space. In this paper, we look at the political situation in one region - a smaller area that is affected by political conflicts in the wider region. More precisely, the paper presents political options, generators of political circumstances in the Tuzla region until the beginning of the aggression on Bosnia and Herzegovina in April 1992.
Keywords: Political situation, Serbian politics, Croatian politics, probosan politics and the Tuzla region
