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PENGARUH NILAI TAMBAH SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Authors: Awang Farouk Ishak

PENGARUH NILAI TAMBAH SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of value added of agriculture sector toward labor absorption in East Kalimantan. This study using quantitative and qualitative approaches, based on the secondary panel data in the time series period of 1993-2009. Partial Least Square (PLS) method (smart PLS Computer program) is analyzed in this study. The result indicates that the value added of agriculture sector has positif trend effect towards the labor absorption. The Standardize path coefficient analysis results indicate that the period of 1993-1997 (before crisis), period of 1998-2002 (after crisis and before regional autonomy) and period of 2001-2009 (after regional otonomy) have a significant relationship between the growth of value-added in agricultural sector toward labour absorption in the Province of East Kalimantan.

Keywords: value added, agriculture, labor absorption, welfare

36

ANALISIS DAYA SAING DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN AGRIBISNIS GANDUM LOKAL DI INDONESIA

Authors: Lukman Muhammad Baga, Agnes A. D. Puspita

ANALISIS DAYA SAING DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN AGRIBISNIS GANDUM LOKAL DI IN... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

Wheat is an alternative food product that contains high carbohydrate, which is currently consumed by many Indonesian people in order to substitute their staple food of rice. However, Indonesia must import large amount of this product, and during the last decade the imported volume has dramatically increased. In 2008 the imported wheat reached 4.9 million tons. Since 2001, Indonesian Government has developed domestic wheat agribusiness which aimed to establish industrial villages of domestic wheat production. However, due to some obstacles, the program is not successful yet. Therefore, it is needed to study the competitive position of wheat agribusiness in Indonesia. The study’s objectives are (1) to portrait the current domestic wheat agribusiness in Indonesia, (2) to analyze the domestic wheat competitive position, and (3) to formulate strategy for developing domestic wheat agribusiness in Indonesia as an effort to fulfill some part of domestic wheat demand and to build industrial villages of wheat production. The study was conducted in 2009. Data have been analyzed by using the frame of Porter’s Diamond Theory in order to find out the competitive position of Indonesian domestic wheat agribusiness. Afterwards, SWOT analysis is used to investigate internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats of Indonesian wheat agribusiness in order to formulate the developing strategies. Finally, the approach of strategic architecture is used to arrange the formulated strategies where it can be easier to get the picture. The conclusion of Porter’s Diamond analysis showed that each subsystems of domestic wheat agribusiness in Indonesia still do not support one to another, therefore, its competitiveness becomes weak. In order to strengthen its competitiveness, domestic wheat agribusiness needs to be developed more properly by paying attention to development strategies which have been consciously formulated and put in mapping of strategic architecture.

Keywords: domestic wheat, agribusiness, formulation strategy, strategic architecture

38

PERILAKU EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MISKIN DI SEKITAR KAWASAN HUTAN GUNUNG RINJANI PULAU LOMBOK

Authors: M. Siddik Siddik, Amiruddin Amiruddin, Nuning Juniarsih

PERILAKU EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MISKIN DI SEKITAR KAWASAN HUTAN GUNUNG RINJANI... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

The objectives of this research are (1) to describe behavior of household economy; (2) to analyze factors affecting the behavior of household economy; and (3) to analyze income and outcome of households on basic equilibrium level and on actual equilibrium level. The results of the research showed that the community forest programs (HKm) given to the community living around the forests had opened job opportunities and income sources to the community living around Mount Rinjani Forest, and community incomes were far above basic equilibrium level. Factors which consistently and positively affected the economic behavior of community households were the area of HKm land occupied, the diversity of household works, the access of their villages to the center of economic activities and the area of land they utilized other than HKm land. On the other hand, household incomes from government subsidies (such as BLT and Raskin) and other sources outside the thriving labor tended to make household labors became lazier and poorer, which significantly and negatively affected working time and incomes of households.

Keywords: economic behavior, poor community, forest area

34

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS KARET PERKEBUNAN RAKYAT (Kasus Perkebunan Rakyat di Kecamatan Tulang Bawang Tengah Kabupaten Tulang Bawang, Lampung)

Authors: Wiyanto Wiyanto, Nunung Kusnadi

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS KARET PERKEBUNAN RAKYAT (Kasus Per... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

This research compared rubber quality between smallholder rubber farmers in rubber development program village and non-program village. The objectives of the research were to identify cause of low-quality rubber, identify farmer’s efforts to increase rubber quality, to describe and to test relationship between socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers, technical factors, and rubber quality among them, and to analyze farmer benefit after use of rubber quality technology. Data for the research were generated from 64 respondents randomly from three villages. Descriptive statistics, qualitative analysis, binary logistic regression model, and partial budgets analysis were used in analysing the data. The result of analysis showed that farmers in program village produced lower grade rubber (average 6.13) than farmers in nonprogram village (average 6.98). The identification result suggest that the causes of low-quality rubber were the use of coagulant other than formic acid, use of additive coagulant and existence of contaminants in coagulump. The empirical result revealed that majority of farmers did efforts to increase rubber quality such as cleaning of collecting pans periodic, keeping of coagulump from contaminants, but just minority of farmer used trained tappers, cleaning of collecting cups before tapping, dissociating types of coagulump and there were no farmers using of formic acid as coagulant. The qualitative analysis and binary logistic regression model indicated relationship between education, family size, membership of farmer institution, participation in social activities and rubber quality at 20% probability level. The partial budgets analysis proved that use of formic acid as coagulant was profitable in program village and non-program village.

Keywords: rubber quality, smallholder rubber farmers, partial budgets analysis

35

ANALISIS STUKTUR, KINERJA, DAN PERILAKU INDUSTRI ROKOK KRETEK DAN ROKOK PUTIH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 1991-2008

Authors: Gustyanita Pratiwi, Lukytawati Anggraeni

ANALISIS STUKTUR, KINERJA, DAN PERILAKU INDUSTRI ROKOK KRETEK DAN ROKOK PUT... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

Tobacco industry is one of important manufacturing industry in Indonesia. There are several changes in structure, performance, and behavior of this industry during 1991-2008. This study aim is to analyze the differences between clove cigarette and white cigarette industries with SCP method. Analysis of industrial structure with CR4 index and barriers to entry. Industry performance is measured by Price Cost Margin (PCM) approach. Factors that affect the performance itself are analyzed by the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results of structural analysis show that the level of industry concentration of clove cigarettes went from tight oligopoly (84.29 percent) to medium oligopoly (52.65 percent) during research period. In contrast, white cigarette industry remained in tight oligopoly level with an average value of CR4 about 94.33 percent. The average value of MES which reflects the barrier to entry in white cigarette industries is higher (95.17 percent) than in cigarette industries (72.85 percent). Regression analysis on a clove cigarette industry indicates that the variable X-eff and growth are significantly positive, whereas a variable number of firms significantly negative effect on PCM. In white cigarette industry, a significant variable to the PCM is the X-eff (0.366799). The analysis of behavior between the two industries cannot be separated from government regulation, especially in setting of the selling price. Promotion, although it increasing production costs, remains to be important strategy to maintain the industry market share.

Keywords: PCM, CR4, Growth, X-eff, and Business

33

ANALISIS POTENSI PRODUKSI DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BIOGAS PADA SENTRA USAHA TERNAK SAPI PERAH DI KABUPATEN BOGOR

Authors: Alla Asmara, Manuntun Parulian Hutagaol, Salundik Salundik

ANALISIS POTENSI PRODUKSI DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BIOGAS... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

All this time, the processing dairy manure into biogas energy to be used for cooking and lighting by households around the center of the dairy business have not been done. The purpose of this study was: (1) identify potential resources and public perception in the development of biogas in the dairy business centers, and (2) identify the potential of biogas energy to be derived from cow manure at a dairy business centers. Based on the calculation, the estimated number of biogas that can be produced each day in the dairy business centers amounted to 258.4 m3/day. Meanwhile public perception, farmer and non-farmer, tend to give a positive assessment of the processing of dairy waste into biogas and willing to use biogas as an energy source for cooking.

Keywords: biogas, potential, dairy, perception

35

DETERMINAN INTENSI KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA ANGGOTA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO PEKERJA INDUSTRI KERAJINAN RAJAPOLAH

Authors: Andri Kurniawan, Ratna Winandi, Heny K. S. Daryanto

DETERMINAN INTENSI KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA ANGGOTA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO PEKERJ... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

Woven pandanus handicraft industry in Rajapolah experience performance degradation as the global crisis in 2008. One of the participating private institutions to develop industry is Microfinance Institutions Koperasi Sejahtera Bangsaku (KSB), which as a medium to understdan the entrepreneurial intentions craft workers in unfavorable economic conditions. This study aims to determine the factors that influence an individual's decision to engage in entrepreneurial activity. The sample was 115 craft industry workers as well as members of the KSB. The data were processed using Partial Least Square analysis (PLS). By using a framework approach to entrepreneurial intentions models, this study found that entrepreneurial intentions is influenced by personal attitude and perceived behavioural control. As nomological of the hypothesized causal paths, external and internal factor that influence entreprenurial intentions are demography, perceived need for new job, entrepreneurship skill, microfinance instituiton, and environmental factor.

Keywords: Intensi Kewirausahaan, LKM, PLS

38

ALOKASI SUMBERDAYA KAWASAN HUTAN RAKYAT KABUPATEN SUKABUMI, JAWA BARAT: PENDEKATAN MULTI-OBJECTIVE PROGRAMMING

Authors: Innike Abdillah Fahmi, Ratna Winandi, Nunung Kusnadi

ALOKASI SUMBERDAYA KAWASAN HUTAN RAKYAT KABUPATEN SUKABUMI, JAWA BARAT: PEN... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

The economic and ecological objectives in the development of private forest are conflicting, thus led to deforestation. The objectives of the study were to analyze factors affecting farmers’s decision in determining for the aim (economic or ecological objectives) of their land management by using logistic regession, and to analyze resources allocation in private forest that gives the best compromise solution between economic and ecological objectives by multi-objective programming approach and scenarios. The result shows that farmers are still economic oriented in determining the aim of their land management, mostly affected by number of farm household, off-farm income, participation in farmer group meeting, participation in extention meeting and farmer’s experiance in farm factors. Land management scenario that the closest to the target value (Rp 39.907 billion per year) is land management with minimum land area requirement, so that the value received by farmers is Rp 21.038 billion per year. Capital is a limitting factor in optimizing the use of available resources.

Keywords: Logistic Regression, Multiple Objective Programming, Private Forest, Resource Allocation

34

PENGARUH POLUTAN TAMBAK TERHADAP EFISIENSI TEKNIS PRODUKSI BANDENG DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG

Authors: Lilis Imamah Ichdayati, Sri Hartoyo, Yusman Syaukat, Sri Utami Kuntjoro

PENGARUH POLUTAN TAMBAK TERHADAP EFISIENSI TEKNIS PRODUKSI BANDENG DI KABUP... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

This study uses two models of stochastic frontier production function Cobb Douglas separate to estimate differences in environmental efficiency of conventional input variables and input variables detrimental. The results that farms with milkfish monoculture and polyculture cultivation pattern majority (approximately 82 percent) have reached a technically efficient, with an average efficiency rate of 0826. Effect of pollutants on the efficiency of production of milkfish ponds visible from reduced levels of technical efficiency of the 0826 in model 1 becomes 0.633 in model 2 , so that the influence of pollutants by 0193. The decrease in efficiency is derived from the nitrogen pollutants are negative and significant. Policy implications necessary to supervise the use of the excessive feed and urea.

Keywords: Stochastic Frontier Production Function of the Cobb Douglas, Technical Efficiency, Pollutants Pond

35

DAMPAK PENERAPAN KUOTA IMPOR TERHADAP PERMINTAAN KARET ALAM INDONESIA OLEH NEGARA CHINA

Authors: Muhamad Ridho Syaffendi, Amzul Rifin, Siti Jahroh

DAMPAK PENERAPAN KUOTA IMPOR TERHADAP PERMINTAAN KARET ALAM INDONESIA OLEH... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

Indonesia is once country with an open economy, trade is one way to get the source of income for the country. therefore, Indonesian trying to be a exporters some excellent products, especially in the area of ​​rubber plantations. This study aims to look and identify the impact of the adoption quota production of natural rubber to Indonesia and other major rubber producing countries in the ASEAN region, in this study using a rubber commodity time series data to be analyzed quantitatively through descriptive models and quantitative models. Deskritptif model used is multiple linear regression model. the results of this study demand for natural rubber imports from ASEAN countries China is influenced by several variables that the price of natural rubber, synthetic rubber prices , income per capita , exchange rates , and dummy variables. Judging from the competitiveness of Indonesia's natural rubber can not compete in terms of price with natural rubber Thai state, due to Indonesia's natural rubber are substitutes for natural rubber Thailand, while for Malaysia, Indonesia's natural rubber relationship is complementary.

Keywords: domestic rubber, trade, natural rubber, policy, China

34

KINERJA USAHA PENGGILINGAN PADI, STUDI KASUS PADA TIGA USAHA PENGGILINGAN PADI DI CIANJUR, JAWA BARAT

Authors: Tursina Andita Putri, Nunung Kusnadi, Dwi Rachmina

KINERJA USAHA PENGGILINGAN PADI, STUDI KASUS PADA TIGA USAHA PENGGILINGAN P... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

It is assumed that government policy to protect farmer’s income by maintaining a high grain price that leads to a high production cost of rice milling combine with a policy that keeping the rice at relatively low price to protect consumer, causes a low profit of rice milling business. To prove it, multiple case study was conducted to portray the performance of rice milling business by identifying and analyzing the cost and revenue structure of rice milling business. In this study, three types (maklon, non maklon, and combination of both) of rice milling business were selected. The biggest cost of rice milling business is the cost of purchasing grain, while the main revenue derived from rice. The rice milling business can still tolerate a 9.81 persent increase of the grain price. It is equal to the maximum price of grain Rp 4281,93 per kg GKP. While the decline in the price of rice that can still be tolerated is of 10.34 percent that’s referred to a minimum price of rice Rp 8120.00 per kg. The largest proportion of the rice milling business profit is not derived from rice as main product but from the by product such as rice bran, rice husk, broken rice, and groats. Type of businees, price of inputs and outputs, and by-product management would be the key variables that determine the business performance. These variables should be more studied in the future research.

Keywords: Multiple Case Study, Performance, Rice Milling Business

36

ANALISIS USAHATANI KAKAO RAKYAT DI BERBAGAI POLA TANAM TUMPANG SARI

Authors: Yuli Hariyati

ANALISIS USAHATANI KAKAO RAKYAT DI BERBAGAI POLA TANAM TUMPANG SARI 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

The contribution of cocoa plantations to the income of farmers is an important issue for farm-scale development. Cocoa plant is an annual plant that is capable of producing a year only once. In order to earn income every month, the farmers implement intercropping pattern in their cocoa farming folk. Application of intercropping patterns on their farm has a linkage with the components of the costs incurred to cultivate these plants. This research was carried out to determine: (1) the application of intercropping patterns and the reasons for choosing one type of intercropping pattern on cocoa farming folk; (2) the differences of cost efficiency in each intercropping patterns on cocoa farming folk; (3) the differences of profitability in each intercropping patterns on cocoa farming folk; (4) the differences of labor productivity in each intercropping patterns on cocoa farming folk. This research location was decided by purposive method in Subak Abian Amertha Nadi, Yeh Embang Kauh Village, Mendoyo Distric. The research method which are used in this research are descriptive, comparative and analytical. Data analysis method which are used in this research are R/C ratio, revenue analysis, and labor productivity. The research results showed that : (1) cloves provide the greatest contribution to revenue in the fourth intercropping patterns and the farmers reasons for choosing intercropping patterns, among others : hereditary system, large gains, increasing yields, profits every time, and risks of failure; (2) cost efficiency among the four intercropping patterns were not significantly different, (3) gains among the four intercropping patterns were not significantly different; (4) labor productivity among the four intercropping patterns also were not significantly different.

Keywords: Cocoa, Intercropping Patterns, Cost Efficiency, Labour Productivity

33

PERAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO TERHADAP PENGUATAN USAHATANI KUBIS DI KECAMATAN SUKAPURA KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO

Authors: Ana Arifatus Sa’diyah, Dyanasari Dyanasari

PERAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO TERHADAP PENGUATAN USAHATANI KUBIS DI KECAMATA... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

Basically, financial service institution in a form of micro financial institution (MFI) is strongly needed to support the rural economic development especially as an institution to facilitate the farming business cost. This is caused by the fact that most of farmers face the technology adoption since it is weak in capital budget. This condition happens on the cabbage farmers who is facing the eruption of Bromo Mountain in Sukapura District, Probolinggo Regency. The aims of this research are to investigate the conception of potatoes farm (cost, supply, benefits and R/C) factors that influence the vegetables farm productivity in Sukapura, dan the role of microfinance on farm. The research was conducted in Ngadisari and Ngadirejo with purposive sampling method. Data which is obtained from the research is analyzed using R/C and Cobb-Douglass function. The results show that potatoes farm is beneficial with R/C value >1, the vegetables production are influenced by seeds, land area, biofertilizer, labor, perticides and microfinance have significant role on helping the farm.

Keywords: micro finance, cost, return, profit, R/C

36

ANALISIS PEMASARAN BUAH LOKAL DI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Authors: Ekawati Ekawati, Ellyta Ellyta, Rahmatullah Rizieq

ANALISIS PEMASARAN BUAH LOKAL DI KALIMANTAN BARAT 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

The final objective of this research is the completion of a local fruit marketing model to maintain local fruit products in the domestic market. Hence, the local fruit products always be a favorite product of West Kalimantan community. The specific objective of this research are (1) to identify the local fruit consumer profile, (2) to elaborate the local fruit consumer profile, (3) to identify and elaborate the local fruit consumer behavior, (4) to analyze the factors influencing consumer decision to buy local fruit. This study used descriptive survey method with 400 respondents by random selected method. The data would be analyzed by using multi-attribute models, while the relationship between factors to the consumption decision of local fruit would use rank Spearman correlation. The results stated that the decision to consume both local and imported fruit was more determined by their own decisions than determined by other people opinions. Consumers in Pontianak prefer to choose imported fruit rather than local fruit. In local fruit marketing, sellers had to consider four factors that correlate with the desire of consumers to buy the local fruits, namely: (a) taste, (b) quality/durability; (c) price and (d) packaging.

Keywords: consumer behavior, local fruit, marketing

36

DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN DAN VARIABEL EKONOMI LAIN TERHADAP LUAS LAHAN SAWAH DI KORIDOR EKONOMI JAWA

Authors: Puspita Mega Lestari Effendi, Alla Asmara

DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN DAN VARIABEL EKONOMI LAIN TERHADAP L... 2019/Aug/20

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Abstract

The role of road infrastructure is important for economic activity in Java Economic Corridor. Infrastructure is needed for developing economic activity, but on the other side it decreases the size of agricultural land. This research is analyzing the impact of road infrastructure development and other economic variables on the size of agricultural land in Java Economic Corridor. This research uses panel data model in 6 provinces in Java Economic Corridor 2001-2011. The finding of the research shows that variable length of road (PJ), population density (KP), and a number of large and medium industries (IND) negatively affected the size of agricultural land in Java Economic Corridor.

Keywords: agricultural land, infrastructure, panel data

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