18 A STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF SINGLE DOSE ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY TO PREVENT SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS
Journal Title: Indian journal of applied basic medical sciences - Year 2018, Vol 20, Issue 31
Abstract
Our study which was done to assess the effectiveness of a single dose of prophylactic antibiotic versus the traditional use of 7 days antibiotics has shown no significant difference in the wound infection rate in both the studied groups. However, there is a significant increase in the cost and side effects of antibiotics in the control group using conventional 7 days antibiotics. The use of prophylactic antibiotic in all surgical cases are advocated ever since, the concept of use of antibiotic preoperatively to curtain and prevent wound infection was postulated by Bernard and Cole in 196410. 0 1 2 3 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Study Group Control Group IJABMS JULY 2018 With so much advancement in the strict asepsis of the environment and hygiene of the operation theatres which is being practiced widely, it was questioned in many surgical settings on the need of antibiotic at all for clean and clean-contaminated surgical cases. However, in high turnover hospitals especially in government run hospitals, even while all the sterile precautions are practiced, the surgical procedures can imbibe bacteria or other microbial agents in the blood and lead to bacteremia. Thus the use of long-acting antibiotic to cover the perioperative period is recommended11. Several studies have been conducted on the choice of antibiotic and timing of use of antibiotics. Most of the studies have recommended the first dose to be given 30- 60 min prior to surgery, and long-acting antibiotic must be selected12. Arjona F et al had conducted a study to find out the economic advantages following use of prophylactic antibiotic rather than traditional 7 days antibiotics, using 5260 patients in a medical Centre in Southern Taiwan and stated that use of prophylactic antibiotic alone for the surgical patients had resulted in gain of 1.5 million dollars for the public13. So, our study also concludes that, there is a significant advantage of economic gain when only prophylactic antibiotic is used. Inadvertent and over use of antibiotics can cause side effects and also can lead to the development of drug resistance bacteria. In our study, it is also noted that a significant number of the patients had developed side effects of antibiotic during this period. Along with prophylactic antibiotics, clean surgical environment, adequate hand washing, adequate preparation of patients and following universal precautions will improve the wound healing and prevent the infection in the patient14. CONCLUSION:- Our study concludes that the judicious use of prophylactic antibiotic by itself can prevent any wound infections which will lead to potential economic benefits and prevent the development of resistant strains of bacteria. Hence, single dose prophylactic antibiotic will be effective in reducing postoperative infection if proper aseptic precautions during surgery are undertaken along with.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Brijesh D Parekh
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