A 10 year Retrospective Study on HIV-2 : A Neglected Cousin of HIV-1
Journal Title: Journal of Chalmeda AnandRao Institute of Medical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 16, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Though HIV-2 has slower rates of progression to AIDS and death, differentiating it from HIV-1, is important as choice of ART (antiretroviral therapy) is different. Aims and Objectives: To study the prevalence of HIV-2 infection at Mahathma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal and to study the age, gender, occupation and behavior of the HIV-2 infected persons. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 10 years was carried out from January 2008 to December 2017 in persons attending Integrated counselling and testing centre (ICTC) at Mahathma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal. They were screened by WHO strategy III of HIV testing. HIV reactive sera by COMBAIDS (enzymeimmunoassay) were further tested by MERISCREEN-WB (immunochromatographic assay) and AIDSCAN (flow through immunodottest ). HIV 1 and 2 co-infected sera, HIV -2 reactive sera and indeterminate cases were confirmed by western blot test from National reference laboratory. Results: Comparison between HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV 1 & 2 positive groups for age, gender, route of transmission was made using chi-square test. P value<0.05 was considered as significant. Of the total 61,741 serum samples tested, 8397 (13.60%) were positive for HIV antibodies. Out of the reactive sera 97.86%, 1.14%, 1.00% were reactive for HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV1 and 2 respectively. Among reactive sera, prevalence of HIV-2 was 2.14%. Conclusion: Though HIV -1 epidemic is progressing faster than that of HIV-2, monitoring of HIV-2 epidemic is essential to determine the extent of problem in India. HIV reactive sera must be differentiated in two types of HIV infection as HIV-2 treatment regimen is different from HIV -1, or else we have to face serious resistant strains of HIV-2.
Authors and Affiliations
S Sreedevi, A Mrudula S
Keywords
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