A Clinicopathological Profile of Vocal Cord Polyps in India
Journal Title: Saudi Journal of Medicine - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 5
Abstract
Abstract: An analysis of 129 cases of vocal cord polyps was done in this study. It was most often seen in middle aged persons during third, fourth, and fifth decades of life. Maximum incidence was in the 5th decade. The youngest of the patient was 26 years of age and the oldest was of 45 years, with the mean age of 36 years. Vocal cord polyps were found predominantly in males (86%), with a male and female ratio of 6.1:1. In all 129 cases, the lesions were unilateral and mostly situated in the middle of the vocal cords. Smoking (68.2%), vocal abuse or misuse (62.8%), and chronic respiratory tract infection (30.2%) were the main aetiological factors. There were no dysplastic changes in the epithelium. The treatment options for vocal cord polyps included both non-invasive and invasive techniques. Non-invasive techniques included conservative therapy with voice rest, steam inhalation, antiallergics, antibiotics, and antireflux drugs. Conservative treatment was considered as an option in vocal cord polyps which were small and of recent onset. Invasive technique was a combination of surgery and vocal rehabilitation. Conventional microlaryngeal surgery was ideal for the treatment of vocal cord polyps. In 82 cases (63.6%), the histopathological picture was of fibroangioma and in other 47 cases (36.4%) the picture was of chronic nonspecific inflammation with oedema. There were recurrences in 18 cases within one year of surgery. Operating measures did not prevent recurrences of vocal cord polyps. Recurrences were significantly less in the patients who stopped smoking and misusing or abusing their voices after surgery. Voice therapy and cessation of smoking in the postoperative period played important roles in the long term results of vocal cord polyps. Better outcome and rapid improvement were observed in those patients who underwent voice therapy in follow ups. Keywords: vocal cord polyp, hoarseness, vocal abuse, vocal rehabilitation, microlaryngoscopy.
Authors and Affiliations
Saileswar Goswami, Shivaam Kesarwaani, Dipankar Kumar Basumata
Keywords
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