A comparative study between ondansetron, metoclopramide and placebo as a prophylactic medication to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Anesthesiology - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Nausea and Vomiting are commonly faced post operative health illnesses among the patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. This study was planned to compare the effect of ondansetron, metoclopramide and placebo as a prophylactic medication in order to avoid nausea and vomiting among the adult patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia. Methods: This prospective randomized study was conducted among adults admitted in various departments of Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Kanchipuram during month of September 2017 to December 2017. Sixty patients between age 19-65 years, who belongs to ASA grade I and II were included Patients who were allergic to the study drugs, pregnant and lactating mothers and patients who were already on antiemetic drugs were excluded. Patients were randomized and divided into three groups and group I- Placebo (Normal saline-10ml, intravenous), group II– Metoclopramide (10mg, intravenous) and group III- Ondansetron (4mg, intravenous). The results were analyzed using SPSS 16. Results: Overall, 38.3% of patients developed postoperative nausea and vomiting. The occurrence of nausea and vomiting was found to be 60%, 35% and 5% in placebo group, Metoclopramide group and ndansetron group, respectively. Nausea alone was reported in 5%, 10% and 10% of participants in placebo group, metoclopramide group and ondansetron group, respectively. The difference between placebo and metoclopramide was found to be significant (p 0.02) and the difference between placebo and ondansetron was also found to be significant (p 0.01) and the difference between the toclopramideand ondansetron was found to be statistically significant (p 0.04). This shows that ondansetron is comparatively better than metoclopramide. Conclusion: Ondansetron was more effective than metoclopramide in decreasing the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Thus a single intravenous injection of ondansetron of 4mg significantly controls nausea and vomiting and helps to eliminate the distressing postoperative nausea vomiting which continues to be a problem for the patients.
Authors and Affiliations
Mithun B, Anand B, Selva Kumaran P
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