A CRITICAL REVIEW ON HISTORY, USE, PHARMACOLOGY AND ABUSING OF COCAINE
Journal Title: European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research - Year 2019, Vol 6, Issue 7
Abstract
Cocaine is a naturally occurring substance found in the coca plant which is mostly grown in South America. Cocaine has had a significant impact on many societies, cultures, and religions in the past 1200 year. Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation. Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and large pupils. Cocaine hydrochloride, which is the powdered form of cocaine, is produced by converting coca paste obtained from the leaves. Cocaine is addictive due to its effect on the reward pathway in the brain. After a short period of use, there is a high risk that dependence will occur. Cocaine binds to dopamine reuptake transporters on the pre-synaptic membranes of dopaminergic neurons. This increased activation of the dopaminergic reward pathway leads to the feelings of euphoria and the „high' associated with cocaine use. An attempt has been in this article to include all the information regarding the importance of cocaine as medicine, its abusing effects, and its consequences.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Jhakeshwar Prasad
Keywords
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