A cross sectional analysis of anemia in paediatric population in a tertiary care hospital, Madurai
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Pathology - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: It is an axiomatic truth that children of today are citizens of tomorrow and upon them depend the weal and welfare of the community. In a country like India, children fall an easy prey to anemia as majority of them remain ill-fed and undernourished due to poverty and ignorance. If not detected at the earliest, this draconian disease will spread it’s tentacles so widely to impair or endanger the very physical condition of children. Aim: To evaluate clinical and hematologocal profile of anemic children coming to paediatric dept GRH Madurai. To use automated hemogram for precise morphological sub-typing and correlating results of hemogram with etiology. Methods: All children <12 years with anemia attending Paediatric dept GRH were evaluated .complete physical examination, proper history and hematological parameters were studied. Follow-up of treated cases done and special investigations done in resistant cases of anemia. Results: Of 248 children with anemia studied, 147 children had Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia, 70 children had Normochromic Normocytic Anemia, 24 children had Dimorphic Anemia and 7 children had Macrocytic Anemia. Among microcytic Hypochromic anemia 129 children (87.7%) had Iron deficiency anemia, Thalassemia Major-12 (8.1%), Thalassemia Trait-4 (2.7%), Anemia of chronic Disease and HbE in one child each. In Dimorphic anemia, Iron Deficiency anemia was present in 19 children (79.1%) and Anemia of chronic disease in 5 children.(20.9%).In normochromic normocytic anemia, Iron deficiency anemia was seen in 29 children (41.4%), Acute leukemia in 19 children (27.1%), Immune haemolytic anemia in 10 children(14.8%).In macrocytic anemia aplastic anemia seen in 5 children (71.4%) and megaloblastic anemia in 2 children.(28.6%) Conclusion: In the cross sectional study, peripheral smear and complete hemogram studies were done in all children. Automated hemogram parameters like MCV RDW and Mentzer Index were correlated with cause of anemia. Simple investigations like peripheral smear and automated hemogram can provide exact diagnosis in majority of children.
Authors and Affiliations
M Muthuraman
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