A Literature Survey of Common Parasitic Zoonoses Encountered at Post-Mortem Examination in Slaughter Stocks in Tanzania: Economic and Public Health Implications
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 5
Abstract
Zoonoses caused by parasites constitute a large group of infectious diseases with varying host ranges and patterns of transmission. Their distribution, prevalence and transmission patterns are affected by the influence of both human and environmental factors. The economic and public health impact of such zoonoses warrants appropriate surveillance to obtain enough information that will provide inputs in the design and implementation of control strategies. A need therefore arises to regularly re-evaluate the current status of zoonotic diseases, particularly in view of new data available as a result of surveillance activities and the application of new technologies. Consequently this paper summarizes available information in Tanzania on parasitic zoonoses encountered in slaughter stocks during post-mortem examination at slaughter facilities. The occurrence, in slaughter stocks, of fasciola spp, Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid) cysts, Taenia saginata Cysts, Taenia solium Cysts and ascaris spp. have been reported by various researchers. Information on these parasitic diseases is presented in this paper as they are the most important ones encountered in slaughter stocks in the country. In Tanzania slaughter stocks are mainly composed of cattle, pigs, goats and sheep. Most of these are supplied to the slaughter facilities by the rural based traditional livestock sector which constitutes more than 98% of the total livestock population in the country [1]. Apart from poor animal genetic makeup and poor management, the traditional livestock sector suffers high disease burden due to lack/inadequacy of veterinary services attributable to shortage of veterinary staff, poor infrastructure especially transport facilities and lack of diagnostic facilities and drugs [2-6]. As a result animals brought for slaughter into urban areas from the rural traditional sector may harbor chronic or subclinical infections some of which have zoonotic implication. Such diseases are rarely detected during ante-mortem examination and hence infected animals proceed into slaughter. Zoonoses have been defined as diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans [7,8]. They are among the most important animal and public health problems that affect the well being of societies worldwide; and yet most of them go unrecorded and are often neglected [9]. Most zoonoses are maintained in the animal reservoir but can cross over to humans as a result of different risk factors and behavioral traits. Zoonoses caused by parasites have recently assumed an important role in public health with some of them being involved in opportunistic infections [10]. They are an important cause of human parasitic diseases worldwide and a major threat to the socio-economic development of especially developing countries [11]. The migration of humans and their domestic animals has been the pathway for disseminating parasitic zoonoses throughout recorded history and will continue to have an impact on emergency, frequency and spread of infections [12].
Authors and Affiliations
Erick VG Komba
Keywords
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- EP ID EP571808
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000419
- Views 209
- Downloads 0
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