A new method for setting guidelines to protect human health from agricultural exposure by using chlorpyrifos as an example
Journal Title: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine - Year 2015, Vol 22, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction and objectives. Guidelines set by various agencies for the control and management of chlorpyrifos cover a wide range of values reflecting difficulties in the procedures for their development. To overcome these difficulties a new method to set guidelines would be developed. Published data derived from epidemiological investigations on human populations would be used to develop a dose-response relationship for chlorpyrifos allowing the calculation of threshold values which can be used as guidelines. Materials and Method. Data from the scientific literature on human populations were collected to evaluate the adverse response doses for a range of health effects. The Cumulative Frequency Distribution (CFD) for the minimum levels of adverse effects measured in terms of the Lifetime Average Daily Dose (LADD[sub]D[/sub]) and the Absorbed Daily Dose for neurological (ADD[sub]DN[/sub]) and non-neurological effects were used. Results. Linear regression equations were fitted to the CFD plots giving R 2 values of 0.93 and 0.86 indicating a normal distribution of the data. Using these CFD plots, the chronic and acute threshold values were calculated at the 5% cumulative frequency level for chlorpyrifos exposure giving values at 0.5 µg/kg/d and 3 µg/kg/d respectively. Conclusions. Guidelines set using this technique at the values at 0.5 µg/kg/d and 3 µg/kg/d for chronic and acute exposure respectively provide an alternative to the currently used biological endpoint and safety factor method.
Authors and Affiliations
Dung Phung, Des Connell, Cordia Chu
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP80958
- DOI -
- Views 159
- Downloads 0
Occurrence of non-fermenting gram negative bacteria in drinking water dispensed from point-of-use microfiltration devices
Introduction and objective. Many devices have been marketed in order to improve the organoleptic characteristics of tap water resulting from disinfection with chlorine derivates. The aim of the presented study was to ass...
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dentists - a questionnaire survey.
Dentists at work are susceptible to the development of health disorders. Bad working habits, repetitive tasks and uncomfortable posture contribute to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), stress and loss of production. The p...
The influence of Citrosept addition to drinking water and <em>Scutellaria baicalensis</em> root extract on the content of selected mineral elements in the blood plasma of turkey hens.
The aim of this research work was to indicate the influence of Citrosept preparation and [i]Scutellaria baicalensis[/i] root extract, administered [i]per os[/i] to growing turkey hens in 3 different dosages, on the conte...
Epidemiological study of <em>Toxoplasma gondii </em>infection among cattle in Northern Poland
Toxoplasmosis, caused by [i]Toxoplasma gondii,[/i] is a significant disease in livestock and humans. Because of medical and veterinary importance it is essential to study the prevalence of [i]T. gondii [/i]infection amon...
Tooth loss among adult rural and urban inhabitants of the Lublin Region
Dental diseases and tooth loss result in various health, psychological, and even social problems. The objective of the study was determination of the number of missing teeth among adult rural and urban inhabitants of the...