A Prevalence of Hypertension in Children – School Based Study
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Objectives: To study the prevalence and aetiology of Hypertension in school children aged 10-15 Years. Methods: In this study 975 students from 3 Govt. Schools and 975 Students from 4 Pvt. Schools of age group of 10 – 15 Years were selected based on random table method with help of their role numbers. Anthropometric data, Blood Pressure measurement and family history of Hypertension, Diabetes, Ischemic Heart Disease and Obesity were collected for all 1950 Children. For children with High Blood Pressure readings or positive family history, repeated Blood Pressure measurements were taken on three different occasions with one-week interval. Subsequently, in children with increased Blood Pressure on three separate occasions, detailed history was taken, children were thoroughly examined and necessary investigations were done. Results: The present study includes 1950 children of which the prevalence of Hypertension is 2.4% (47/1950) and Pre Hypertension is 8.15% (159/1950) with p value - 0.0001 which is statistically significant. Prevalence of Hypertension is 3.69% (36/975) in Private School Children while it is 1.2% (11/975) in children from Govt. School. Prevalence of Pre Hypertension is 14.25% (139/975) in Private School while it is 2.05% (20/1950) in Govt. Schools. Pre Hypertension is found to be more prevalent in 13 – 15 Years (10.09%) age group then 10 – 12 Years age group (5.79%) with p value of 0.0006 which is statistically significant. Prevalence of Pre Hypertension and Hypertension is more in children with family history of Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity and Ischemic Heart Disease. In overweight children Pre Hypertension in more and in obese children, Hypertension is more. Secondary Hypertension is seen in 4 Cases out of which 2 cases are diagnosed with Hyperthyroidism and 2 cases has history of acute Glomerulonephritis. Conclusion: Hypertension and Pre Hypertension are more common in older children (13-15 Years). Prevalence of Pre Hypertension and Hypertension is more in boys then is girls. Corporate Schools then in Govt. School, High – Socioeconomic group then low Socio-Economic group, with family history of Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity and Ischemic Heart Disease, Obesity Children and Overweight Children without any physical activity.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. M. S. Raju
Keywords
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