A Randomized Double-blind Control Study Comparing the Efficacy of Palonosetron Versus a Combination of Dexamethasone with Palonosetron in Preventing Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 6
Abstract
Introduction: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is distressing symptoms occurring after anesthesia and surgery with incidence of about 20–30% during the first 24 post-operative hours. In patient undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the incidence is as high as 63–72%. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of “palonosetron” versus a combination of “dexamethasone and palonosetron” in preventing PONV in patients undergoing LC. Materials and Methods: A total of 84 patients were randomized into two groups. Group I received palonosetron (0.075 mg) and Group II received a combination of palonosetron (0.075 mg) and dexamethasone (8 mg). Incidence of PONV was measured using visual analog score from the time of arrival to recovery until discharge at specified intervals. The absence of nausea and vomiting was considered as complete response (CR). Requirement of rescue antiemetic (metoclopramide) in each group was noted. Results: At 0–2 h, CR of 85.7% in Group II and 66.7% in Group I was observed (P = 0.040). During 2–24 h, CR in Group II in comparison to Group I (88.1% vs. 69%, P = 0.033) was more. During 0–24 h, CR of 85.7% of patients in Group II and 66.7% of patients in Group I (P = 0.040) was observed. Between 24 h till discharge, 100% in Group II and 97.6% in Group I showed CR (P = 0.314). Requirement for rescue antiemetic was higher in Group I (P = 0.026). Conclusion: A combination of palonosetron and dexamethasone significantly reduced the incidence of PONV during the first 24 h. After 24 h, both groups showed similar efficacy.
Authors and Affiliations
S Dinesh Kumar, A Madhu Yadav, K Bhaskaran
Keywords
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