A Retrospective Analysis of 38 Cases of Intracranial Tuberculosis Using Mr Imaging and Its Management In A Tertiary Care Hospital
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 10
Abstract
Introduction: It is estimated that approximately one-third of the world’s population are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the agent that causes tuberculosis (TB).1 Central nervous system TB is a major health concern in developing countries, and is increasing in developed countries because of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and multidrugresistance.1,2 Intracranial inflammatory granulomas are a diagnostic challenge both to clinicians and radiologists. Materials and Methods: Our department’s records were reviewed from May 2017 to May 2018, and MRI scans of patients diagnosed with intracranial tuberculosis at our hospital were retrospectively studied. The study population comprised of 38 cases (08 children and 30 adults) with ages ranging from 11 to 60 yrs. (mean age 26.58 yrs.), suspected of suffering from intracranial tuberculosis based on clinical history and CSF analysis either before or after a diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis was given on MRI scan. The known cases of treated intracranial tuberculosis/any brain space occupying lesions/previous history of stroke due to known vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and heart disease were excluded from the study. Results: Thirty eight cases of intracranial tuberculosis were included in the study, out of which 30 (78..94%) were adults (≥18 yrs.) and 08 (21.05%) cases were children (<18 yrs.). Majority of cases were in the age group of 11 - 20 yrs. (44.2%). The most frequent tuberculous lesions encountered in our study were tuberculomas (79.1%) followed by tubercular meningitis (72.1%), cerebritis (6.9%) and abscesses (4.6%). The most frequent tubercular Meningitis-induced complications encountered were infarcts seen in 15 cases (34.9%) and obstructive hydrocephalus in 15 cases (34.9%). Conclusion: MRI plays an important role in the diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis and its associated complications. It helps in identifying the extent of involvement and differentiating tuberculous lesions from other pathologies.
Authors and Affiliations
Deepthi T, Karunakar CH
Keywords
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- EP ID EP406730
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1710125257.
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