A Retrospective Study on Cause of Death in Head Injury Patients with GCS 13 and above in Salem District
Journal Title: International Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery - Year 2018, Vol 10, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Mlld traumatic brain injury is defined by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine as involving an alteration in consciousness (amnesia or confusion), less than 30 minutes of loss of consciousness, or less than 24 hours of post traumatic amnesia, with focal neurological deficits that may or may not be transient. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in 2016-2018 in Department of Neurosurgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Salem. 45 cases got selected based on the GCS criteria. These patients case sheets were collected from the following data’s were collected from the case sheets. Age, sex, date of admission, date of surgery (if performed), date of death, diagnosis, mode of injury, history of loss of consciousness, vomiting, ENT bleed, seizures, GCS at the time of admission, associated injuries, first CT scan brain findings, other investigations done, opinions obtained from other departments for associated injuries or medical conditions, preliminary investigations, date of deterioration, cause of deterioration as evidenced by supporting investigations or examination findings. Results: Majority of the patient (23 patients) who were admitted with mild head injury and have died had bifrontal or frontal contusions alone or in association with contusions in other areas of the brain. 20 patients had subdural hemorrhage, which includes acute and chronic, 5 patients had extradural hemorrhage, 19 patients had a subarachnoid hemorrhage, 19 patients had skull fractures visible on CT scans and 7 patients had pneumocephalus. Many patients had more than one finding on a CT scan. Conculsion: Focal injuries are those visible injuries limited to a well circumscribed part of the brain whereas diffuse injury is one in which there is no visible macroscopic structural damage to the brain, but associated with widespread dysfunction of the brain. Even in its mildest form, diffuse injury may be assisted only with alterations in neuronal excitability, neurotransmission related injuries and/or receptor related injuries. In its more severe cases it may be associated with structural damage at microscopic levels without any visible mass lesion.
Authors and Affiliations
Parthiban Durai Samy
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP562920
- DOI 10.21088/ijnns.0975.0223.10418.4
- Views 84
- Downloads 0
Clinical Profile of Seizures in Children between 1 Month to 12 Years of Age Admitted to Tertiary Care Center
Background: A seizure is a paroxysmal involuntary disturbance of brain functions. Seizures are broadly divided into generalized and partial seizures. Generalized tonicclonic seizures are the most common type of seizures...
Correlation of Perfusion MR image Grading and Histopathological Grading of Primary Intra Axial Gliomas: A Prospective Study
Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of pre operative Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Image Grading and its correlation with post operative Histopathological Grading of Primary Intra Axial Gliomas. Materials and...
HBOT in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Background: The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in cases with traumatic brain injury is based on the hypothesis that injured or inactive neurons would greatly benefited from increased blood flow and oxygen delivery, whi...
Case Series on Vascular Malformations Presenting as Seizures
Intracranial vascular malformations, that includes arteriovenous malformations and cavernous malformations, are the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage in young adults. Seizures related to cavernous malformatio...
Assessment of DASS-21 Scale Among Fresh Medical Students: A Forensic Prospective Study
Context: Medical studies are demanding and require regular hard work to cope up with the competition and complexity. It may lead to depression and anxiety disorders. The stress-tolerance level among the new generation of...