A review on morphological characterization, variation and distribution pattern of Eurema butterflies of peninsular Malaysia
Journal Title: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) - Year 2015, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Seven species of Eurema butterflies comprised of 263 adult individuals collected from various sampling sites of Peninsular Malaysia were identified and diagnosed based on their morphological characteristics and variation pattern. The result from diagnosis revealed that the main morphological characteristics that differentiated between the members of Eurema butterflies are the number of cell spots in discoidal cell and the pattern of brown apical patch, both located on the underside of the forewing. E. sari, E. blanda and E. tilaha are morphologically distinct and easily identified. Species of Eurema butterflies showed no variations, except for E. hecabe that had variable patterns of forewing black apical border in several individuals, which corresponded to the altitudinal changes of their sampling sites. The distribution of the genus Eurema in Peninsular Malaysia is also discussed based on the recorded field sampling data. The record shows that all six species with the exception of E. tilaha which was excluded from this study were evenly distributed across all sampling areas and can be found at most part throughout the Peninsular Malaysia with species of E. andersonii has the most consistent distribution pattern in all four different areas of sampling. This study also suggested that the most common species of the genus Eurema in Malaysia is species of E. blanda while E. tilaha was reported as the rare species.
Authors and Affiliations
Noor Azrizal-Wahid, Mohd Sofian-Azirun, Mohammed Rizman-Idid
Assessment of geographic distribution and taxonomic anomalies of Berberis species found and reported from Karakoram, Hindukush and Western Himalayan Mountain Ranges in Pakistan
Berberis is used for treating more than 100 diseases worldwide. Fourteen (14) different Berberis species and subspecies have been reported for more than 31 times by at least 25 researchers from Karakoram, Hindukush and...
Evaluation of aquatic insect fauna such as heteroptera, ephemeroptera, diptera, trichoptera, coleoptera, odonata and so on in east of golestan province
The largest branch of a million species of animals is arthropods that have been identified from them. Ranked first in terms of the number and variety of animal species possess. Arthropods compatibility so that all ecosy...
Diversity of hairy ark cocklealong northern coast of Java, Indonesia and their variation in phenotypical traits
Hairy ark cockleis one of the bivalves of family Arcidae. High similarity on morphology among species of hairy ark cockles leads to difficulty in identification. Hence they are categorized as cryptic species. Due to vari...
The study of soil phosphorous status and availability in soils of Urmia Plain, Iran
Soil nutrients mapping and monitoring are of great importance to reach the goals of sustainable agriculture. In developing countries, neglecting soil test results in unbalanced fertilization of soils. The aim of this res...
In vitro antimalarial activity of essential oils of Deverra scoparia Coss. & Dur
The essential oils of the plant Deverra scoparia Coss. & Dur. (Apiaceae) used in traditional medicine in Algeria were subjected to testing the antimalarial activity. Their potential ability to inhibit the in vitro prolif...