A role of vitamin D in athletes
Journal Title: Medycyna Sportowa - Year 2019, Vol 35, Issue 1
Abstract
Vitamin D is a prohormone which is produced in the human skin upon exposure to the sunlight and delivered exogenously from the diet and/or a recommended dose of supplementation. Maintaining the adequate vitamin D serum status is of great importance in establishing good health in the population. It is also pivotal in prevention of high burden diseases e.g. like diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and autoimmune disorders. Most of the countries in the world have a problem with maintaining an adequate level of vitamin D in society. It is interesting that prevention its deficiency is much more effective in Europe than in Asia, Australia or the USA, especially in high-risk groups: the elderly, infants and pregnant women. So far, little attention has been focused on the population of professional athletes, as a high risk group of vitamin D deficiencies. Observed vitamin D deficits in athletes, are associated with increased bone turnover, musculoskeletal exercise induced damage and limited access to sunlight, occurring in closed sports centres. In light of published studies appears that, vitamin D significantly improves physical performance through its helpful action on the skeletal and muscular system. In addition, its appropriate level in athletes is associated with increased muscle contractility, strength and power, as well as improved aerobic capacity, which allows them to achieve better sports results during the competition. Moreover, vitamin D supplementation improves the regenerative capacity of microinjuries in the muscle tissue or tendons and reduces the pain if inflammation occurs. In turn, its deficiency reduces the susceptibility of athletes to seasonal viral and bacterial diseases. The above-described facts testify to the need to monitor the level of vitamin D in the serum in the whole population, and in particular in the risk group of professional athletes. This action will allow to consistently introduce recommendations regarding vitamin D supplementation schemes to prevent its deficiency.<br/><br/>
Authors and Affiliations
Joanna Michalina Jurek, Michał Brzeziański, Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
Keywords
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