A STUDY OF COMPARISON BETWEEN TRAMADOL AND ONDANSETRON TO ALLEVIATE PAIN DURING PROPOFOL ADMINISTRATION
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol is a commonly used anaesthetic agent for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Its intravenous administration is associated with pain, which is reduced by different pharmacological methods. Our study evaluated comparative effectiveness of ondansetron and tramadol in reducing this pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS After approval by the Institutional Ethical Committee and an informed written consent, 120 American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) Grade I and II patients of either sex, aged 18 - 60 years, undergoing various surgeries using general anaesthesia were selected. Patients with known hypersensitivity to propofol, ondansetron and tramadol, cardiac conduction defects and epilepsy were excluded. In our study, patients were randomly assigned to three groups of 40 patients each (Group 1, n= 40): Patients received upto 2 mL pre-treatment 50 mg tramadol in the saline, (Group 2, n= 40): 4 mg ondansetron in the saline (2 mL), (Group 3, n= 40): normal saline 2 mL. Drugs were given intravenously for a period of 10 seconds, while the venous drainage was occluded by placing an air-filled tourniquet (pressure inflated to 70 mmHg) on the upper arm by an assistant for one minute. Then patient was given intravenous propofol (1%) 2 mg/kg over a period of 10 seconds. The patient was asked a standard question “Is the injection comfortable?” The verbal response and behavioural signs such as facial grimacing, arms withdrawal or tears were recorded. A score of 0 to 3 corresponding to 0= No pain, 1= Mild pain, 2= Moderate pain and 3= Severe pain will be noted. RESULTS The overall incidence of pain was 85% in the saline group, which was decreased to 12.5% and 20% after tramadol and ondansetron pre-treatment respectively. Pain severity was significantly less in patients receiving drugs for pre-treatment than those receiving saline (p < 0.0001). No significant association was found between gender and incidence and severity of pain (p= 0.70). The incidence and severity of pain in patients above 50 years old was significantly less than patients below 50 years old (0.0001). CONCLUSION Tramadol and ondansetron pre-treatment provides a simple and safe method of reducing propofol injection pain. Both are equally effective, but ondansetron has an advantage in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting
Authors and Affiliations
Shaiqa Manzoor, Mohammad Sadiq Malla, Arshid Ahmad Sofi, Sameena Ashraf
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP284587
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2018/54
- Views 62
- Downloads 0
STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE-2 AND IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AMONG ADULTS IN A RURAL AREA OF KATIHAR, BIHAR
The prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus is increasing globally particularly in developing countries. Previously, diabetes mellitus type-2 was disease of middle aged and elderly, but recently it is affecting y...
ATTITUDE AND OUTLOOK OF MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS TOWARDS BLOOD DONATION- A STUDY IN TELANGANA STATE
BACKGROUND There has been a tremendous advancement in the field of medicine over the past decade that revolutionised the treatment of serious illness and injuries and has increased the need for blood transfusion for pati...
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF OUTBREAK OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONING IN CHILDREN, OUR EXPERIENCE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
[b]BACKGROUND:[/b] Organophosphate pesticides are the most important cause of severe toxicity and death worldwide. Outbreaks of organophosphorus poisoning has increased specially in Bihar and south india after i...
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE, TAMILNADU, SOUTH INDIA
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension is a severe progressive disease ultimately leading to right heart failure and death. There is paucity of data regarding pulmonary hypertension from the developing countries including Ind...
WAGNER’S CLASSIFICATION FOR DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS- IS IT STILL RELEVANT?
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a rapidly growing problem worldwide, making it one of the most challenging health problems in the 21st century. The loss of a limb or foot is one of the most feared complications of diabetes and ye...