A Study of Direct and Concentrated Smear Microscopy by Zeihl Neelsen and Fluorescent Staining for Diagnosis of Suspected Tuberculosis in Tertiary Care Hospital
Journal Title: National Journal of Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: To early diagnosis of TB, it is essential to ensure proper identification. Smear microscopy is a simple, economical, less time-consuming technique is a good alternative. We also want to compare direct and concentrated AFB smear for ZN and fluorescent microscopy. Aim: 1) To compare direct smear, concentrated smear and fluroscent microscopy of sputum of patient with tuberculosis. 2) To determine the sensitivity and specificity of direct and concentrated smear by ZN stain and fluorescent microscopy. Methodology: The 400 samples of suspected to be a case of pulmonary tuberculosis as per RNTCP guidelines are included. Direct smear and concentrated smear were made and stained by Carbolfuchsin methods which include the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) and Kenyon methods ( Light /bright field microscope) and Fluorochrome procedure using auramine-O or auramine-rhodamine dyes (Fluorescent microscope -FM). Result: In present study, on direct smear, we found that out of 400 samples 138 samples were positive by ZN stain method and 150 samples were positive by FM stain method. On concentrated smear, 154 samples were positive by Z N stain method and 156 samples were positive by FM stain method. The sensitivity of direct and concentrated smear microscopy comparing to FM stain and Zn stain. The difference between sensitivities (89.61 versus 96.15%.p<.01) obtained by the two methods was found to be significant. The sensitivity of ZN stain and FM stain was different. The difference between sensitivities (92% versus 98.71%; p<.01) obtained by the two methods was found to be significant. The specificity (100%) was similar for both techniques. Conclusion:The study showed that concentrated AFB microscopy is more efficient to detect M. tuberculosis in respiratory specimens than direct AFB microscopy. Fluorescent microscopy has higher sensitivity and comparable specificity which is further enhanced by concentration.
Authors and Affiliations
Rachana Patel, Pragnesh Bhuva, Mannu Jain, Shashwati Bhuva, Pinal Mangukiya
Keywords
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