A study of impact of smoking on glycemic index status among patients who are attending Government Dharmapuri Medical College Hospital, Dharmapuri
Journal Title: International Archives of Integrated Medicine - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 9
Abstract
Introduction: Tobacco use has long been known to be a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have identified a positive association between smoking and incidence of diabetes. The evidence that smoking is an independent risk factor for the development of diabetes is still considered preliminary. Some studies have shown a dose response association between smoking and incidence of diabetes. Aim of The Study: To assess whether smokers are more likely than non-smokers to develop clinically relevant glucose intolerance or diabetes and to assess whether total pack years’ correlates with the severity of glucose intolerance/ diabetes. Materials and Methods: We have evaluated Hundred smokers and FIFTY nonsmokers Baseline characteristics of the study were as follows; age, sex, occupation, Education status, family history of diabetes, comorbid illness of smoking. Our Baseline examination included Ht, Wt, BMI, BP, HC, WC, Waist Hip ratio (anthropometric measurements), Lab investigation – Blood sugar (F and PP) and Lipid profile. Participants were defined as current smokers and former smokers. Former smoker were those who, at baseline, reported previously using cigarettes but denied current smoking. Results: Nearly 5% of the case population were obese. Among the control population, obesity accounted for 2% of them. There was a significant statistical difference between cases and controls with respect to BMI (‘p’ = 0.0116). With regard to Blood Pressure, there was no significant statistical difference between cases and controls (‘p’ = 0.4989). Glucose Intolerance among case population were found to be 29% and among the control population, found to be 22%. Thus there was no significant statistical difference between cases and controls (‘p’ = 0.4727). 53 cases of the study group (53%) had high Triglyceride. 46% of the control group had high TG. Thus, there was no significant statistical association between study and control group (p =0.52) 13 cases of the study group (13%) had low HDL. 14% of the control group also had low HDL. Thus there was no significant statistical association between study and control group (p = 0.93). 10% of the case population had metabolic syndrome and 6% of the control population had the same. There was no significant statistical association. 10% of the case population had metabolic syndrome and 6% of the control population had the same. There was no significant statistical association. Conclusion: Smoking stimulate symathetic system, which inturnleads to anelevated catecholamine levels and there by insulin resistence.Smoking influences visceral adipose tissue and there by insulin resistance.Smokers(especially heavy smokers) are prone for unhealthy food habits and low physical activity which in turn leads to visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance.
Authors and Affiliations
G. Indumathi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP409870
- DOI -
- Views 103
- Downloads 0
Assessment of left ventricular function in ischemic stroke in GDMCH Dharmapuri
Introduction: Cardiac disease is a major risk factor for stroke, ranking third after age and hypertension. Congestive Cardiac failure ranks second in cardiogenic stroke risk. The prevalence of cardiac failure increases s...
Clinical study of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Background: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, a well known condition affecting the thyroid gland is often under diagnosed due to its wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. As such it could present as a Multi Nodular Goitre, Di...
The Influence of Periodontal Disease on Changes of Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Type 2 Diabetics
Background: Little evidence is available regarding the effects of long-term periodontal infection on diabetes control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of periodontal status on changes of glycated hemo...
Pitfalls in the diagnosis of lesions of sinonasal tract both on clinical and histopathological grounds
Background: The nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are collectively referred to as the sinonasal tract, which is anatomically and embryologically distinct from the nasopharynx. Aim and objectives: To understand the varia...
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in 76 years old female: A case report
The current World Health Organization classification of renal epithelial tumours recognises malignant lesions such as, clear cell, papillary, chromophobe and collecting duct renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), and benign entit...