A Study of Indications, Type and Complications of Tracheostomy in a Teritiary Referral Hospital.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 10
Abstract
AIMS 1.To identify the common indications for tracheostomy. 2. To know the type of tracheostomy required 3. To study the complications in tracheostomy MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in the Government ENT tertiary referral Hospital in the state of Andhra Pradesh during April 2016 to March 2018.A total number of 100 cases of Tracheostomy were selected in this group, they were distributed according to gender variation ,age variation, indication for tracheostomy, the level of tracheostomy performed and the time of tracheostomy performed and the complications came across. OBSERVATION OR RESULTS: Males needed tracheostomy more than females in the ratio of 2.84:1 (74:26). Most of the cases required tracheostomy in emergency (66%). Later, 26 cases were posted as elective and 8 cases as prophylactic preoperatively for major surgeries of the larynx. The major indication was carcinoma larynx 44%, followed by prolonged intubation in head injury 9%, post irradiated neck malignancy 8%, carcinoma hypopharynx 7%, thyroid malignancy 6%, preoperative hemi laryngectomy 5%, cerebro vascular accidents 4%, preoperative laryngofissure, corrosive acid poisoning and prolonged intubation in poisoning with each 3%,and laryngeal injury in hanging, foreign body airway tract and bilateral abductor palsy with each 2%.The rare indications were subglottic stenosis and juvenile laryngeal papilloma 1%. The major complication was infection of tracheal stoma site(8%) followed by the Surgical Emphysema (6%) , Dysphagia (5%) , hemorrhage(3%) , trachea esophageal fistula(2%). Aspiration pneumonia, displaced tracheostomy tube and tracheal stenosis with each 1%. CONCLUSION: In our study, males (74%) evolved more in number than females(26%) for tracheostomy(2.84:1).We performed emergency tracheostomy(66%) more than elective(26%) and prophylactic(8%).The commonest indication proved in our institution was carcinoma larynx(44%), later was prolonged intubation in head injury(9%).The frequently encountered complication was infection at stoma and skin around(8%)and next is surgical emphysema(6%).
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. S. Surya prakasa Rao, Dr. P. Rambabu, Dr. T. Leela Prasad, Dr. Rima Joseph
Keywords
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- EP ID EP402581
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1710094447.
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