Abstract

Background: In the present study, variations in the Palmaris longus and the clinical implications of these are discussed. Aim: To study the variations in the Palmaris longus and to discuss the embryological basis, clinical and surgical implications of these variations. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Department of Anatomy of Hassan Institute of Medical Science, Hassan, Dr B.R.Ambedkar Medical college, Bangalore and Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research,Tamaka, Kolar. Thirty formalin fixed cadavers (60 upper limbs); 25 males & 5 female cadavers were dissected for the study and it was conducted over a period of three years, i.e., from 2011-2014. The cadavers with visible trauma, pathology or prior surgeries were excluded from the study. Routine dissection of the upper limb was carried out following the Cunnigham’s Manual of Practical Anatomy. During the dissection of the anterior compartment of forearm, the Palmaris longus muscle was identified & carefully dissected. At first, the origin was confirmed and then, it was traced towards its insertion. Any variations found were noted and photographed. The results were analysed and compared to previous studies. Results: Bilateral absence of palmaris longus was seen in one male cadaver and unilateral (right sided) absence in one female cadaver. Percentage of bilateral absence of palmaris longus is 3.3%. Total absence of palmaris longus is 5%. Right side absence is 3.3%, left side absence is 1.6%. Variations like split tendon of palmaris longus was observed in a female cadaver on right side, bilateral split tendon with fleshy belly in a male cadaver, reversed belly of right side palmaris longus in a male cadaver . Conclusion: Precise knowledge of variations in the Palmaris longus is essential for surgeons, orthopaedicians, plastic surgeons, anatomists, researchers and interventional radiologist.

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