A STUDY OF PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 77
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem disease that is caused by tissue damage resulting from antibody and complement–fixing immune complex deposition. There is a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, which are characterised by remissions and exacerbation. Aims and Objectives- To study the pleuropulmonary involvement in SLE patients by clinical examinations and investigations including Chest X–ray, High Resolution Computerised Tomography (HRCT) and Pulmonary Function Test (PFT). MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a descriptive case series study of 40 patients with SLE. By using IBM SPSS statistical software Version 20.0, the Nonparametric Fisher Exact test was used to determine the association between HRCT and other variables for SLE Patients. RESULTS There were a total of 40 patients all of whom were women. The age distribution was 13-42 years [Figure 1]. The duration of illness was between 3 months – 10 years. The symptom analysis revealed 45% had symptoms like pleuritic pain, cough with or without breathlessness [Figure 2]. There is an association between HRCT, Respiratory symptoms, X-ray findings and PFT findings. CONCLUSION 1. Pulmonary manifestations are common in SLE patients with frequency of involvement being 65%, which is higher than that reported in an Indian Study – 9 to 54% (API 2003 7th edn.). 2. Pleurisy was the most common pulmonary manifestation in SLE (45%). 3. Pneumonitis secondary to infections were the second common pulmonary manifestation (20%). 4. ILD was the third common pulmonary manifestation in our study (15%). It was previously believed that ILD was common in scleroderma and rheumatoid arthritis and low in SLE due to inadequate screening technique like chest x-ray. In studies utilising HRCT, 38% of 45 SLE patients with normal chest radiographs demonstrated pulmonary abnormalities consistent with some form of ILD. This concluded that HRCT was the sensitive procedure to find out pulmonary changes. 5. Pulmonary nodules were also found in 10% of Patients. Presence of uraemia is attributed in 1 case and in the other case no detectable cause could be found. 6. PFT in SLE patients is insensitive and nonspecific than HRCT in detecting pulmonary changes.
Authors and Affiliations
Subramanian Vadivel, Babu Krishnan
Keywords
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- EP ID EP267579
- DOI 10.14260/Jemds/2017/1189
- Views 107
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