A Study on Lepra Reactions from a Tertiary Care Center in North India
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Research Professionals - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Lepra reactions are known immunological phenomenon associated with Hansen’s disease. Aim: To determine the clinical profile of patients with Hansen’s disease visiting a tertiary care hospital from North India and to report the risk factors associated with the development of lepra reactions. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, record based study conducted in patients registered in the Hansen’s disease clinic of the hospital in North India from January 2010 to December 2014. Results: Of the 163 cases, males constituted the majority 79.7% (n=130). Multibacillary cases were 86.5%. The commonest morphological type was borderline tuberculoid seen in 36.2% followed by lepromatous (22.7%), mid borderline (15.3%), polar tuberculoid (10.4) and borderline lepromatous (6.7%). Skin smears were positive for Acid fast bacilli in 21.5% of patients. 73 patients (44.8%) presented in reaction. Type 1 reaction was noted in 32.5 % while patients who presented in type 2 reaction were 12.3%. Patients who developed reaction before the start of multibacillary therapy (MDT) were 49 (67.1%). Those who developed a reaction within 6 months and after 6 months of initiation of treatment were 27.4% and 5.5% respectively. WHO deformity was seen in 39.3% patients. The commonest deformity was claw hand (42.5%) followed by trophic ulcer (21.3%). Conclusion: The risk factors associated with the development of lepra reactions were age >30 years, positive bacteriological Index, multibacillary drug therapy, clinical form of the disease and presence of deformity at presentation. The predictors of lepra reactions in this study were history of contact, positive skin smears for AFB and multibacillary treatment.
Authors and Affiliations
Emy A. Thomas, Abhilasha Williams, Niharika Jha, Clarence J Samuel
Keywords
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- EP ID EP547826
- DOI 10.21276/ijmrp.2017.3.3.034
- Views 132
- Downloads 0
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