A Tertiary Hospital-based Study on Spectrum of Pediatric Malignancies in ENT and Head and Neck Region
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 8
Abstract
Background: The incidence of malignant tumors of ENT and head and neck region in children is relatively less common than in adults, but they are increasing according to latest literature. The actual statistics in India are not available, but in the United States (USA), approximately 1 in 333 individuals between the ages of 0 and 20 years will be newly diagnosed with cancer each year, affecting a total of nearly 7500 children under the age of 15 years and another 3500 adolescents between 15 and 20 years of age. Aim of the Study: The aim is to study and analyze the different types of malignancies occurring in pediatric age group in a tertiary hospital of Telangana. Materials and Methods: A total of 67 children presenting with various malignancies of ENT and head and neck masses were included in this study. This cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care teaching hospital at Secunderabad, Telangana. All the children were elicited of ENT symptoms, followed by a thorough ENT examination. All the children were subjected to necessary appropriate investigations such as computed tomography paranasal sinuses, magnetic resonance imaging head and neck region, fine-needle aspiration cytology, ultrasound examination of the neck, and biopsy of the tumor. The biopsy tissue was subjected to histopathological, histochemical, and immunocytochemical examinations. Treatment modalities adopted for the children in this study were followed up for 2 years and tabulated. All the data were analyzed using standard statistical methods. Observations and Results: A total of 67 children below 12 years with ENT and head and neck malignant tumors were included in the study. The prevalence rate was 0.24%. There were 39 male children and 28 female children with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.39. The youngest child was aged 1 year and the eldest child was aged 11 years with a mean age of 8.44 ± 1.35 years. The most common tumor was non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, 21/67 (31.34%), followed by eosinophilic granuloma, 18/67 (26.86%). Neuroblastoma was observed in 14/52 (20.89%) and thyroid malignancy was seen in 13/52 (19.40%) children [Table 1]. Conclusions: ENT and head and neck tumors in pediatric age group are not uncommon. The prevalence rate was 0.24%. Among the malignant lesions, lymphomas are most frequent, and among them, the most common was non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. The gender ratio was 1:1.39 (male:female). Awareness of a potential malignancy and careful follow-up of children with suspicious head and neck cancers are mandatory so that more and more head and neck cancers in children are brought to treatment before it is too late. The most common age groups were 4–6 and 10–12 years.
Authors and Affiliations
D Ranganath Swamy, K Sreenivas
Keywords
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