ACUTE BACTERIAL MENINGITIS: FOCUSED UPDATE ON PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT AMONG ADULTS IN "AFRICAN MENINGITIS BELT" OF NORTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
Journal Title: WORLD JOURNAL PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 6
Abstract
Background: Cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) is inflammation of the leptomeninges and underlying sub-arachnoid cerebrospinal fluid, (CSF) usually caused by bacterial infection. Several pathogenic microorganisms have been implicated in the etiology of cerebrospinal meningitis; among these, Neisseria Meningitides serogroup A (but now serogroup C) is the most common cause of outbreak of bacterial meningitis in the "African Meningitis belt". The disease is highly transmissible, with seasonal epidemics in many African countries located within the belt. "African meningitis belt" is a region of twenty five sub-Saharan countries stretching from Senegal in the west to Ethiopia in the east, with a total population of about five hundred million (500million) people. Since the introduction of the Men A conjugate vaccine (MenAfrivac), which protects against the most prevalent type of Neisseria Meningitides (serogroup A) by the government of Nigeria, with support from the Global Alliance for Vaccine Initiative (GAVI ), occurrence of the disease has reduced significantly in all states at risk, including North-Western states. However, Despite overall decrease in serotype A meningococcal infections, the risk of other types of Neisseria meningitides persists, as evidenced by the Laboratory tests that confirmed the predominance of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C, in the ongoing outbreak of meningococcal meningitis in Nigeria. This update tends to shed light on the current literature, with specific focus on pathophysiology and treatment of cerebrospinal meningitis among adult, in the "meningitis belt" of North-Western Nigeria.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Balarabe S. A.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP618234
- DOI -
- Views 151
- Downloads 0
ANTIBACTERIAL & ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIALITY OF RICINUS COMMUNIS & COLEUS FORSKOHLII ON SOME HUMAN PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS
The objective of the present study was to explore the antibacterial and antifungal activity of two plant extracts (Ricinus communis & Coleus forskohlii) against some selected pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia...
FLOATING GRANULES: NEW CONCEPT IN GRDS
Gastroretentive drug delivery system has been a significant approach over the past few years that have been noted to prolong gastric residence time, thereby targeting site-specific drug release in the upper gastrointesti...
CASE STUDIES ON GE: APPROACHES FOR BUILDING VALUABLE MACHINE LEARNING APPLICATIONS FOR THE INDUSTRIAL INTERNET
By 2020 the industrial internet will have more than 50 billion connected machines. This is an area of tremendous opportunity because even a 1% gain in efficiency can translate into tens of billions of dollars saved withi...
LOW DENSITY LIPROPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL GOAL LEVELS IN CARDIOVASCULAR SECONDARY PREVENTION
The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study showed that the reduction of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels diminished 30% all causes mortality in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Later trials with st...
ANTIBIOTIC DISPENSING WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES, DHAMAR PROVINCE, YEMEN
Background: The dispensing of antibiotics without medical prescription has been observed in many countries, particularly, in developing countries, including Yemen, where the legislations and regulations are weak. Objecti...