ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS OF GROWING VEGETABLES

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ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS OF GROWING VEGETABLES

Journal Title: Овочівництво і баштанництво - Year 2019, Vol 1, Issue 65

Abstract

The aim of the research. Develop an adaptive system for irrigated vegetable production conditions of the eastern steppes of Ukraine. Methods. Laboratory and field stationary research. Results. Under the adaptive growing system, the biopotentiality (yield) of the main biological object - vegetable plants of domestic breeding varieties grown in biologized crop rotation did not significantly decrease. The use of highly toxic preparations for intensive growing system provided reliable protection of crops of vegetable crops from a complex of harmful organisms. Significant advantage of adaptive systems is the reduction of the chemical load in agrocenoses of vegetable crops. The quality of vegetable products from the adaptive system, as a fa ctor of competitiveness - not was lower than the intensive, biologization of crop rotation has contributed to a decrease in the content of nitrates in food organs. Economic assessment of the adaptive system of production of vegetable products: have increased the profitability in the whole crop rotation up to 160% (for an intensive system – 121 %). Conclusions. In the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine, on black soil, podzolized medium loam in the irrigated environment, an alternative to an intensive vegetable growing system, can become an adaptive system. Which will be based on biologized crop rotation (with the inclusion of alfalfa, intermediate and subcutaneous crops); landless tillage (at least 50% of the area); local application of mineral fertilizers, manure (in one field), biological regulators of growth; integrated plant protection (biological and low-toxic preparations); varieties of vegetable crops of breeding of IVM of NAAS. On average, over the years of research, the yield of vegetable crops grown for the adaptive system was at the level with the intense. In onion (correspondingly 31.4 and 30.1 t/ha), carrots (respectively 26.3 and 26.8 t/ha) and cabbage of late-grated bacon (37.0 and 37.6 t/ha respectively), or there was a tendency to decrease in tomatoes (respectively, 38.9 and 41.0 t/ha) and dill beets (respectively 51.8 and 55.7 t/ha). The dependence of the yield level on the moisture content during the growing season was describe by the regression equation. The use of an adaptive vegetable production system, in comparison with the intensive, has ensured an increase in profitability by 32 relative percentages.

Authors and Affiliations

O. D. Vitanov, V. Yu. Honcharenko, Yu. D. Zelendin, N. V. Chefonova, D. V. Ivanin, L. M. Uriupina

Keywords

vegetable production system intensive adaptive biologized crop rotation soil cultivation agrochemicals economic efficiency

EP ID EP639796
DOI 10.32717/0131-0062-2019-65-32-38
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