Adherence patterns of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from children with gastrointestinal diarrhea and matched controls in a Hep-2 cell adhesion assay
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research (JAEHR) - Year 2016, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
In the present study, carbon species including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) concentration in PM2.5 were assessed at an urban site of Tehran, Iran during March to June 2014. The PM2.5 samples were collected using an frmOMNITM Ambient Air Sampler. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to analyze OC and EC. The results showed that PM2.5 concentrations varied from 14.32 to 74.45 μg/m3 with an average value of 41.39 μg/m3. The results also showed that carbon species varied from 5.52 to 23.21 (15.35 ± 6.05) μg/m3 for OC and 1.03 to 4.16 (2.25 ± 0.65) μg/m3 for EC. As the findings indicated, the mean PM2.5 level in the sampling area was higher than the annual average determined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the ambient air quality standard. On average, carbon species (OC, EC, and WSOC) account for almost 60% of PM2.5 mass in the atmospheric outflow from a downwind site. OC and EC concentrations in atmospheric PM2.5 collected at the sampling site were lower than the values reported for other urban areas with high or medium vehicular traffic and/or industrial sources. Moreover, the results obtained in this research can provide a valuable data base for health risk evaluation of the local residents and prioritization of control actions.
Authors and Affiliations
Zohreh Khodaei, Enayatollah Kalantar, Mahbobeh Mehrabani, Parisa Darabi, Afshin Maleki
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP424107
- DOI 10.22102/jaehr.2016.42222
- Views 108
- Downloads 0
Improved removal of Trinitrotoluene (TNT) from contaminated soil by inducing aerobic process: kinetic and chemical byproducts
This study describes the biological degradation of TNT by using induced aeration. Three plastic reactors were used. In each reactor 3 kg of soil were used. In order to increase the porosity of the soil, sawdust was added...
A survey of heterotrophic bacteria and coliforms in the water of old and new distribution networks
Controlling the microbiological quality of water is important for its uses. Microbiological requirements of drinking water ensure the absence of coliforms, but may indicate the potential presence of other potentially pat...
Assessing landfill leachate heavy metal effect on the surface water quality: A case of Gheshlagh River, Sanandaj City, Iran
Pollution resulted from the leachate of the Sanandaj City landfill into Gheshlagh River is an important environmental and health issue, which has endangered the river. Having a population of more than 400,000 and four mu...
Evaluation of Lead and Cadmium levels in breast milk in Sanandaj, Iran
Although breastfeeding is the main nutrition source of infants, it could also be a source of exposure to toxic metals. The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in breast milk, investig...
Accumulation and distribution of persistent organochlorine pesticides and their contamination of surface water and sediments of the Sabarmati River, India
Pesticides are chemical substances used to control pests in an effort to increase crop production and quality, and food storage. The levels of pesticides in different environmental compartments, such as water, soil, agri...