Advances in Meniscal Tissue Engineering
Journal Title: Ortopedia Traumatologia Rehabilitacja - Year 2011, Vol 13, Issue 4
Abstract
Injuries and lesions to the meniscal cartilage of the knee joint are common. As a result of its limited regenerative capacity, early degenerative changes to the articular surface frequently occur, resulting in pain and poor function. Currently available surgical interventions include repair of tears, and partial and total meniscectomy but the results are inconsistent and often poor. Interest in the field of meniscal tissue engineering with the possibilities of better treatment outcomes has grown in recent times. Current research has focused on the use of mesenchymal stem cells, fibrochondrocytes, meniscal derived cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes in tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells that have been identified in a number of tissues including bone marrow and synovium. Current research is aimed at defining the correct combination of cytokines and growth factors necessary to induce specific tissue formation and includes transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2). Scaffolds provide mechanical stability and integrity, and supply a template for three-dimensional organization of the developing tissue. A number of experimental and animal models have been used to investigate the ideal scaffolds for meniscal tissue engineering. The ideal scaffold for meniscal tissue engineering has not been identified but biodegradable scaffolds have shown the most promising results. In addition to poly-glycolic acid (PGA) and poly-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds, new synthetic hydrogels and collagen sponges are also being explored. There are two synthetic meniscal implants currently in clinical use and there are a number of clinical trials in the literature with good short- and medium-term results. Both products are indicated for segmental tissue loss and not for complete meniscal replacement. The long-term results of these implants are unknown and we wait to see whether they will be proved to have benefits in delaying arthritic change and chondral damage.
Authors and Affiliations
Nnaemeka Eli , Emeka Oragui , Wasim Khan
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP57121
- DOI -
- Views 132
- Downloads 0
Asymetria funkcjonalna chodu u dzieci i młodzieży z niskostopniowymi skoliozami
Wstęp. W przypadku skoliozy, kompensacja nieprawidłowego układu ciała może zachodzić powyżej miednicy lub poniżej niej, jako przemieszczenia segmentów ciała, bądź zmiana ustawień kątowych w obrębie kończyn dolnych. Kompe...
Ocena wyników leczenia ubytków chrzęstno-kostnych stawu kolanowego rekonstruowanych za pomocą mezenchymalnych komórek macierzystych
Autorzy przedstawiają wyniki rekonstrukcji ubytków chrzęstno-kostnych leczonych przy pomocy zmodyfikowanej techniki „kanapkowej” z użyciem błony kolagenowej. Celem pracy był ocena oraz porównanie wyników klinicznych po...
Radiochirurgia bolesnych naczyniaków kręgów – doniesienie wstępne
Wstęp. Wobec powszechnego stosowania radiochirurgii w leczeniu naczyniaków mózgowia, podjęto próbę jej zastosowania w leczeniu bolesnych naczyniaków kręgów. Za jej wprowadzeniem przemawia zarówno ograniczenie czasu lecze...
Accuracy of diagnoses in patients with spinal cord injury referred to hospital rehabilitation departments
Summary:Establishing a comprehensive diagnosis, together with the implementation of evidence-based therapeutic methods, is a prerequisite for effective and safe rehabilitation. The purpose of the study was to evaluate th...
The anatomy and pathophysiology of the wrist
A basic knowledge of the anatomy and the interrelationships of the structures that make up the joint is a prerequisite for understanding the pathomechanics of the wrist. In the paper, the anatomy (especially including ca...