Adverse drug reactions: Two years' experience from a tertiary teaching hospital in Kerala
Journal Title: National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have become a major clinical problem causing additional burden on the total cost of a patient’s treatment. Aims and Objectives: To determine the characteristics of ADRs reported in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: Descriptive analysis of ADRs reported to the Department of Pharmacology over a period of 2 years from July 2012 to June 2014 was done. ADR reports were analyzed on the basis of patient characteristics, drug characteristics, predictability, preventability, severity, causality, and seriousness of the ADR. The continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated to assess the risk factors for severe ADRs using SPSS 16. Results: From the 359 ADR reports, 377 ADRs were identified with mean age 43 ± 19 years. 95.3% affected single organ system, the most common being skin and appendages. The most common ADR reported was maculopapular rash. Antibiotics accounted for the maximum ADRs of which beta-lactams were the most common. 30.1% (108) ADRs occurred within 1 h of administration of the drug. In 12.73% (48) drug interactions (DIs) were cause of ADRs. Risk analysis showed that DIs (OR = 2.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-1.53), concomitant use of more than one drug (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.97-3.18) and delayed onset ADRs (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.22-3.51) were risk factors for development of severe ADRs. Conclusions: Skin and integumentary system was the most commonly affected system and beta-lactams were the most common drug class implicated to cause ADR.
Authors and Affiliations
Dhanya Sasidharan Palappallil, Sai Nathan Ramnath, Reneega Gangadhar
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP289356
- DOI 10.5455/njppp.2017.7.1131212122016
- Views 39
- Downloads 0
Antidiuretic hormone effect on transport of non-charged solutes (urea and glycerol) across the epithelium
Background: The frog skin epithelium is used as a model to demonstrate the transport of various charged and non-charged solutes from the mucosal to serosal side through channels and transporters. The mucosal side, otherw...
Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice of prescribing generic medicines by interns, residents, and faculty in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Background: Prescription of generic drugs can reduce costs without reducing quality. Lack of knowledge about the costeffectiveness of generic medicines among the health-care professionals had led to a low rate of generic...
Use of auditory evoked potentials in screening children for integrity of auditory pathways
Background: Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) can be used to assess the integrity of auditory pathway for early hearing loss and planning rehabilitative procedures. It is noninvasive and can be performed in uncoope...
Influence of age, height, gender on median and ulnar nerve conduction study
Background: Nerve conduction studies (NCSs) is a test to measure the electrical activity in the nerve and used to measure nerve function disease progression. Physiological factors such as age, temperature, height, and ge...
Effectiveness of aerobic exercise and balanced diet for motor and functional recovery of stroke survivors with and without diabetics and post stroke diabetics
Background: Diabetes is a strong risk factor for stroke, it is unsettled stroke is different in patients with and without diabetes. Hyperglycemia has been observed after an acute stroke and is associated with poor progno...