Amylin under examination. Fibrillation – cytotoxic pancreatic polypeptide aggregation
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2015, Vol 69, Issue 0
Abstract
In patients or animals affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]), some pathological deposits, called amyloid, are observed among cells of islets of Langerhans. Among other constituents, the deposits consist of an insoluble, fibrillar form of polypeptide neurohormone called amylin, produced by pancreatic beta cells. It is thought that formation of fibrillar deposits of misfolded and aggregated polypeptide is highly toxic to beta cells and leads to cell dysfunction, cell loss, pancreas destruction and progress of the disease. Due to the extreme insolubility of this polypeptide and its instant fibrillation, amylin constitutes a methodological problem, and there is a need for a special methodology in experiments. Some mechanisms and factors that govern amylin fibrillization are rather poorly understood. This article presents amylin as a fibrillating molecule and some methods and methodological aspects and problems that emerge at successive steps during the fibrillation process, including hypothesized cytotoxicity mechanisms of this polypeptide.
Authors and Affiliations
Małgorzata Marszałek
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP67632
- DOI -
- Views 133
- Downloads 0
Szczepionki w zapobieganiu zakażeniom układu moczowego, wywoływanym przez bakterie z rodzaju Proteus
Zakażenia układu moczowego (ZUM) są istotnym zagrożeniem dla kobiet, osób z obniżoną odpornością, wadami anatomicznymi układu moczowego, pacjentów hospitalizowanych i cewnikowanych. Pałeczki z rodzaju Proteus, głównie P....
Komórki NKT: powstawanie, mechanizmy i efekty działania
Komórki NKT stanowią niejednorodną subpopulację limfocytów T wykazującą ekspresję markerów charakterystycznych zarówno dla konwencjonalnych limfocytów T, jak i komórek NK. Receptory TCR tych komórek charakteryzują się ni...
The influence of air pollution on human reproduction
Air pollution is the main reason for global environmental hazards and human population. It is caused by different chemical compounds emitted by industry, vehicles and households. When inhaled with air, such substances ge...
Histamine in regulation of bone remodeling processes
Bone remodeling is under autocrine, paracrine, endocrine and central nervous system control. One of the potential endogenous factors affecting bone remodeling is histamine, an endogenous amine which acts as a mediator of...
Immunostimulatory properties of mistletoe extracts and their application in oncology
For a long time cancer immunotherapy was overshadowed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recently, “Science”, one of the world’s top scientific journals, named the stimulation of the body’s own immune system to fight canc...