Amylin under examination. Fibrillogenic polypeptide of pancreatic amyloid
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2015, Vol 69, Issue 0
Abstract
In patients or animals affected by 2 type diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus type 2, DM2, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) or pancreatic tumor disease e.g., insulinoma, some pathological deposits, called amyloid, are observed among cells of islets of Langerhans. Among other constituents, pancreatic deposits consist of an insoluble, fibrillar form of peptide neurohormone termed amylin, produced by pancreatic beta cells. It is thought that formation of fibrillar deposits of misfolded and aggregated peptide is highly toxic to beta cells and leads to cell dysfunction, cell loss, pancreas destruction and progress of the disease.This relatively small, 37-amino acid peptide constitutes a serious scientific, research and to some extent a medical problem. This article presents amylin as a fibrillating molecule which participates in formation of amyloid deposits in human and animal pancreas, Langerhans islets as a microenvironment of pancreatic amyloid formation, occurrence of amylin and amyloid in animals and humans, and physico-chemical requirements to meet to name amylin deposit as amyloid.
Authors and Affiliations
Małgorzata Marszałek
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP67572
- DOI -
- Views 112
- Downloads 0
The role of proteins in neurodegenerative disease
All neurodegenerative diseases are related to pathology and accumulation of proteins. Proteins are basic structural and functional components of each cell and their functions are associated with their amino acid composi...
Astrocytes in ischemic stroke – a potential target for neuroprotective strategies
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of adult death and disability worldwide. Present applied therapeutic strategies do not give satisfactory results. It is often emphasized that pharmacological actions aimed at...
Thiamine and its derivatives in the regulation of cell metabolism
For over 70 years thiamine (vitamin B[sub]1[/sub]) has aroused the interest of biologists, biochemists and medical doctors because of its multilateral participation in key biochemical and physiological processes. The thi...
Zakażenia bakteryjne, wirusowe i grzybicze towarzyszące pierwotnym niedoborom odporności manifestacją zaburzeń procesów immunologicznych
Pierwotne niedobory odporności (PNO), to grupa chorób z dysfunkcją układu odpornościowego, często o poznanym już podłożu genetycznym. Ze względu na upośledzoną odporność komórkową, defekt odporności humoralnej i inne tow...
Non-pharmacological modification of endothelial function: An important lesson for clinical practice
During the last few generations a rapid increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases has been observed. This epidemiologic fact is in a wide range due to endothelial dysfunction. Endothelium, the inner layer of...