AN OVERVIEW OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTIONS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PATHOGENESIS AND MECHANISM OF COLONIZATION
Journal Title: World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 3
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the major causative agent of gastrointestinal diseases. The bacterial pathogen, H. pylori has co-evolved with humans and colonize about 50% of the human population, which however is largely asymptomatic, nevertheless H. pylori plays a major role in the long term interaction in humans considerably increase the risk for peptic ulcer disease, non cardiac gastric adenocarcinoma, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastric cancer, H. pylori express a spectrum of virulence factors that deregulate host intracellular signaling pathways. In addition to bacterial determinants, numerous host and environmental factors increase the risk of gastric carcinogenesis. Due to their startle rate of drug resistance, eradication and control of H. pylori remains a global challenge. Triple therapy consisting of proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and either amoxicillin or metronidazole is commonly recommended standardization for treatment of H. pylori infection. This review discusses about the pathogenesis of H. pylori and the mechanisms it uses to promote persistent colonization of the gastric mucosa, with a focus on recent insights into the role of the virulence factors vaculating associated gene A (VacA), cytotoxin associated gene (CagA), BabA and also describe the H. pylori treatment.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. N. Prabhusaran
Keywords
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