Anthelmintic Activity, Acute Toxicity of Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) on Onchocerca ochengi and Caenorhabditis elegans

Journal Title: Asian Journal of Medicine and Health - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 1

Abstract

Aim: The objective was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the ethanolic stem bark of A. occidentale. Study Design: Ethanolic extract of stem barks of Anacardium occidentale was tested in vitro against the cattle filarial parasite Onchocerca ochengi and the wild type, the drug resistant strains of the free living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Place and Duration of Study: The work took place at the Laboratory of Applied Zoology of the Faculty of the University of Ngaoundere between May 2016 and March 2017. Methodology: Adults of O. ochengi were incubated in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin and plant extract or drugs. C. elegans was incubated at 20°C with plant extract or drugs in M9-medium. Worm mortality was determined biochemically by MTT/formazan colorimetry after 24, 48 and 72 h. Ivermectin and levamisole were used as positive control and DMSO as negative control. Acute toxicity on mice (Mus musculus) and phytochemical compounds were also determined. Results: Ethonolic stem bark extract (SBE) of Anacardium occidentale was active against worms. O. ochengi was the most affected by the extract with the LC50 values of 88 ± 0.16 µg/mL, 3.18 ±0.17 µg/mL and 2.76 ± 0.10 µg/mL respectively after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation. The quantitative phyto-constituents screening has revealed the presence of tannins, phenolic acids, saponins and flavonoids. Tannins (107.16 mg GAE/ 100 g) were the most quantified compound followed by phenolic acid (26.23 mg/g GAE), saponins (9.33 mg/g) and flavonoids (0.16 mg of rutin/100 g). The acute toxicity study has demonstrated that at short term (14 days), oral intake of ethanolic stem bark extract was not toxic up to a dose of 1600 mg/kg by weight. Conclusion: This study justifies the use of this plant by traditional health practitioners in managing the disease, and also suggests a source of compounds against Onchocerca volvulus.

Authors and Affiliations

Honoré Ndouwe Tissebe Menga, Dieudonné Ndjonka, Remy Mimpfoundi

Keywords

Related Articles

Pattern of Ultrasound Request at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the pattern of ultrasound request in our tertiary health institution in order to make adequate recommendation on management and financing of imaging facilities in a hospital with...

Reducing Maternal Mortality: Awareness of Danger Signs in Pregnancy

Background: Maternal mortality remains a public health challenge and the Nigerian scenario of very high maternal deaths has remained one of the worst in the world. Delay in seeking care is recognized as an important dete...

Plasmid Profile of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Wound Swabs from Hospital Patients in Akure, Nigeria

A total of 347 clinical wound swabs were obtained in Ondo State Specialist Hospital. Isolated pure cultures of bacteria were subjected to various morphology and biochemical tests. The isolates were identified using Berge...

Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Egypt; A Retrospective Survey

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) have been a difficult group to define. However, four common behavioral risk factors (tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, and lack of physical activity) are...

Antibacterial Activities of Streptomyces collinus and Streptomyces refuineus from Cocoa, Orange and Timber Plantation Soils in Akure Metropolis

Study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activities of Streptomyces from two plantation soils in Akure metropolis against some pathogenic bacteria. Purification of the Streptomyces filtrates was done by colum...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP336257
  • DOI 10.9734/AJMAH/2017/34454
  • Views 78
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Honoré Ndouwe Tissebe Menga, Dieudonné Ndjonka, Remy Mimpfoundi (2017). Anthelmintic Activity, Acute Toxicity of Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) on Onchocerca ochengi and Caenorhabditis elegans. Asian Journal of Medicine and Health, 5(1), 1-12. https://europub.co.uk/articles/-A-336257