Antiamnesic and Neuroprotective Effects of Leaves of Mimusops elengi on Brain Aging and Chemically Induced Amnesia in Mice
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Memory loss is a most disabling feature of cognitive disorders which disrupts the life styles of patients and equally affects the patient caregivers. Management and treatment of memory loss is highly challenging as no potential remedy is available at present for the complete cure. In this study, antiamnesic and neuroprotective efficacy of methanolic extract of dried leaves of Mimusops Elengi Linn. (MEE) was investigated in mice. Methods: Elevated plus maze and Morris water maze were used for assessment of acquisition and retention. Scopolamine (0.4mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (1mg/kg, i.p.) induced amnesia were the exteroceptive models. Results: MEE (100 and 200mg/kg, p.o.) significantly improved acquisition and retention in amnesic mice. MEE also exhibited reversal effects in aged mice (aging induced amnesia). MEE significantly increased acetyl cholinesterase inhibitory activity in the mouse brain. M. Elengi exhibited potential neuroprotective effects. In the present study, the nootropic and antiamnesic effects of methanolic extract of Mimusops Elengi (MEE) has been studies by employing both exteroceptive and interoceptive models in mice. Elevated plus maze is a neutral exteroceptive model used to assess short-term memory and Morris water maze is used to test long-term memory. Interoceptive behavioural models such as scopolamine, diazepam and natural aging induced amnesia are widely used experimental models simulating dementia in human [1]. Mimusops Elengi L. [Sapotaceae] is known as bakula in ayurveda [2]. It is a small to large evergreen tree found all over India and is cultivated in gardens as an ornamental tree and is used in the ayurvedic system of medicine for the treatment of various neurological disorders [34]. Stem bark of Mimusops Elengi possesses cardiotonic, stomachic, anthelmentic and astringent properties [5]. The bark powder along with 50g alum, 5g sodium chloride, is warmed and used for massaging on teeth in the treatment of pyorrhea by the locals [6]. The fine powder is sniffed to relieve headache, the decoction is used as a general tonic and flower in perfumery [7]. Phytochemical review of the bark of M. elengi reveals the presence of taraxerol, taraxerone, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, quercitol, lupeol [8], alkaloid isoretronecyl tiglate and mixture of triterpenoid saponins [9-10]. M. Elengi is reported to possess anti-ulcer [11] and hypertensive [12], bark improved memory in mice [13] and flowers enhanced cognition in rats [14]. The leaves are well known for analgesic, antipyretic, antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties [1517]. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of methanol extract of leaves of M. Elengi on scopolamine and ageing induced amnesia in mice. Materials and Methods The leaves of Mimusops elengi were collected from mature trees growing in the forests of chamundi hills, Mysore, Karnataka during flowering season and identified by experts at Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College and Research Center, Mysore. The leaves were cleaned, shade dried and powdered. One kilogram of moderately powdered leaves was extracted by refluxing with methanol in soxhlet extractor for 8-10 h. The extract was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and temperature using rotary vacuum evaporator. The yield of dry extract from the crude powder was 16 % w/w. The methanol extract was suspended in a mixture of Tween 80: Distilled Water in a ratio of 2:8. The suspension was orally administered to animals. The volume of administration was 1ml/100 g, body weight of mice.
Authors and Affiliations
Hanumanthachar Joshi, Charan CS, Majed Abdo Alkanad
Keywords
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- EP ID EP590857
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.04.001010
- Views 165
- Downloads 0
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