Antibacterial Potential of Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf Extracts on Bacteria Obtained from Infected Infant Respiratory Tract
Journal Title: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International - Year 2016, Vol 10, Issue 6
Abstract
Background: Annual incidence of respiratory infection and death among infants aged between one (1) to two (2) years is increasing, especially in remote areas of the world. Herbal medicines have been the basis of treatment and cure for various diseases and physiological disorders. Plants contain various bioactive components that have been explored in ethnomedicine. Nigeria has abundance of such plants. Aim: To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity and potency of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extracts on pathogens isolated from infants with respiratory tract infection. Place of Study: The study was conducted at the Microbiology laboratory of the Cross River University of Technology in Cross River, Nigeria. Methodology: The in vitro antibacterial potency of methanol and aqueous extracts of B. pinnatum leaf against Staphylococcus sp. and Streptococcus sp. isolated from sputum of five infants was tested. The susceptibility of the isolates to the extracts as well as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts were assayed on Mueller-Hinton Agar by the disc diffusion method, using concentrations of 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20 mg/ml. Selected antibiotics and the respective solvents used, served as positive and negative controls respectively. Results: Staphylococcus sp. (52%), Streptococcus sp. (36.6%), Klebsiella sp. (9.4%) and pus cells (2%) were found in the samples. Both the methanol and aqueous extracts of B. pinnatum leaf showed strong antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp (16.7; 17.3 mm) and Staphylococcus sp. (13.0; 16.3 mm). Antibacterial activity of both the methanol and aqueous extracts was more pronounced against Streptococcus sp. than against Staphylococcus sp. Methanol extract was more inhibitory to both isolates than the aqueous extract. The MIC of the aqueous extract was observed to be at 80 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml, while that of the methanol extract was 100 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml for Staphylococcus sp. and Streptococcus sp. respectively. The MBC of both the methanol and aqueous extracts was at 100 mg/ml concentration. Isolates were resistant to over 60% of the tested commercial antibiotics. Leaf extracts of B. pinnatum showed more antibacterial activity than some of the broad spectrum antibiotics. Conclusion: B. pinnatum leaves could be useful in the treatment of infant respiratory infections and a potential source of antibacterial agents and raw material for the pharmaceutical industry if adequately explored.
Authors and Affiliations
Lawrence B. Etim, Godwin Attah Obande, Chuku Aleruchi, V. E. Bassey
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP342433
- DOI 10.9734/BJPR/2016/24757
- Views 74
- Downloads 0
Purification and Structure Elucidation of the Polyether Antibiotic Alborixin from Streptomyces pulcher CRF17
Aims: To screen Streptomyces sp. from saline soil in Pakistan, for its antimicrobial activity and to purify and identify the active metabolites produced by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Strain identification by...
Memory Enhancing Activity of Dendrobium macraei Lindl. in Swiss Albino Mice
Background: Memory is not a single process, but rather a series of interactive processes beginning when we are exposed to new information, which is registered by the brain, encoded, and in the right conditions, stored fo...
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Analysis of Banana Pseudo Stem (Musa acuminata)
Preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts of banana pseudo stem and antimicrobial activities revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, protein, tannins, saponins, cardiac glyco...
Natural Products as Potential Sources of Antidiabetic Drugs
Natural products have played and continue to play an invaluable role in the treatment of various diseases and in drug discovery processes. It has remained a source of new compounds with diversified structural arrangement...
Hepatoprotective Activity of Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. Seeds Extracts Against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats
Background: Macrotyloma uniflorum (Horse gram) seeds are used in Ayurvedic medicine for treating numerous health disorders including rheumatism, worm, conjunctivitis and piles. The seeds were boiled with water and used a...