Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activities of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Alone and in Combination with Fluconazole
Journal Title: Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2020, Vol 17, Issue 6
Abstract
Objectives: Candida spp. are clinically important pathogens that cause difficulties for treatment by biofilm formation. Considering antifungal resistance rates and the limitations in the discovery of new antifungals, the antifungal and antibiofilm effects of various drugs used for different therapeutic purposes are becoming more important. The goal of our study was to determine the antifungal and antibiofilm effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), namely sertraline (SRT), paroxetine (PRX), and fluoxetine (FLX) alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against Candida spp. Materials and Methods: Twenty Candida spp. strains isolated from clinical samples from Ege University Hospital were identified by the Dalmau method and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the SSRIs and FLC were detected by broth microdilution method. Synergistic interactions between the SSRIs and FLC were investigated by checkerboard assay. The antibiofilm effects of the SSRIs were determined by spectrophotometric microplate method. Results: Among the isolates, five different Candida spp. (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, and C.parapsilosis) were identified. The MICs of the SSRIs ranged between 16-512 μg/mL. While SRT showed the highest antifungal effect, the antibiofilm efficacy of FLX was higher than that of the other agents. Moreover, FLX and PRX showed a synergistic effect with FLC in 13 and 19 isolates, respectively. Four isolates were strong biofilm producers while nine isolates were moderate biofilm producers. C. parapsilosis strains showed higher biofilm production than the other species. At MIC/2 concentration, FLX and SRT alone inhibited mature biofilms in six and five isolates, respectively, while PRX caused increases biofilm formation in seven isolates. Conclusion: This study revealed that MIC/2 concentrations of SSRIs could have antifungal and antibiofilm effects. SRT and FLX alone or in combination with antifungals may possibly have therapeutic potential for combating fungal infections.
Authors and Affiliations
Yamaç TEKİNTAŞ, Aybala TEMEL, Ayşegül ATEŞ, Bayrı ERAÇ, Dilek Yeşim METİN, Süleyha HİLMİOĞLU POLAT, Mine HOŞGÖR LİMONCU
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP691699
- DOI 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.65481
- Views 139
- Downloads 0
Enhancement of Dissolution of Fenofibrate Using Complexation with Hydroxy Propyl β-Cyclodextrin
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to enhance the dissolution rate of fenofibrate using complexation with hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). Materials and Methods: The phase solubility behavior of fenofibr...
Theoretical Study on Ionization of Boric Acid in Aqueous Solution by Ab Initio and DFT Methods at T=298.15 K
Objectives: The aim of this research work was to theoretically calculate the pKa value of boric acid in aqueous solution by theoretical methods at T=298.15 K. Materials and Methods: Boric acid has antifungal and antivir...
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants in Aziziye District (Erzurum, Turkey)
Objectives: The present research was conducted to document the usage of medicinal plants, plant parts utilized, and methods of preparation by the people living in Aziziye district, situated in the western part of Erzurum...
Development of a Novel Freeze-dried Mulberry Leaf Extract-based Transfersome Gel
Objectives: Nowadays, antioxidants are important for health-related concerns related to acne vulgaris. Acne vulgaris is interrelated with the development of free radicals that interact with cells. Mulberry leaves contain...
Effects of Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Ethyl Cellulose in Polyurethane Electrospun Nanofibers on Morphology and Drug Release Characteristics
Objectives: Polyurethanes (PUs) are a popular choice for composing nanofibers due to their spinnability, biocompatibility, high chemical stability, and good mechanical and elasticity properties. The desired release behav...