Antimalarial Property of Tetra Combination (TC) Of Biomaterial with Special Reference to Spilanthes Acmella
Journal Title: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 7
Abstract
Malaria is the most threatened disease in almost all the Asian countries and every year about 250 million people suffering from Malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) and kills from this disease; the basic cause of the disease is female anaphelese mosquito arguably the most dangerous insect on our planet. Various mosquito repellents available in market have so many side effects on human health i.e. skin irritation, eye irritation, breathing problem (Asthma, Wheezing etc.).The active ingredient of these repellents is DEET (N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide and it is a derivative of toluene), it is harmful pesticide and can damage to the brain cells, hence the study and development of alternate antimalarial drug is immense important. During the study we have screened some selected biomaterials derived from MAP’s for the study. During the study Spilanthes sp. appeared as a potential antimalarial alternate biomaterial as well as most effective drug. Spilanthes sp. is also used as traditional herbal medicine in Africa and India to treat malaria. The flower heads contain up to 1.25% of spilanthol (N-isobutyl-4, 6- decadienamide), an antiseptic alkaloid. Spilanthol, a major constituent of ethanol extract of flower heads of Spilanthes acmella Murr. It shows potent ovicidal, larvicidal and pupicidal activity. Other test plants like extract of Azadirecta indica, Oil of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass), and extract of Andrographis paniculeta (Kalmegh) also show remarkable insecticidal properties. Different doses have been prepared from these plant extracts in different combination and tested on different samples collected from different areas, where mosquitoes are in high population and infectious in nature. As a final test result we found potential mosquito repellent activity in spilanthol, citronella oil and kalmegh. We found that 7.5 l concentrations causes 100% motility of eggs, larvae and pupae of Anopheles, Culex and Aedes mosquito.Finally our TC drugs show 100% inhibition of development of larva and also effectively able to killing the mosquito on the concentration of spilanthol (5.3 l), oil of lemon grass (0.7 l), Azadirachtin (1.5 l) and kalmegh. And (1.5 l) as a tetra combination of the drug .On the other hand, we also found that TC drug effectively reduces the population and larva of insects (Aedes).TC Drug have no harmful toxic effect even when we use it in combination and in the recommended concentration. It is natural and non carcinogenic and degradable. Other advantage of the drug is its more effective, natural and very cheap than other available drugs for controlling the population and larva of insects (Aedes). Hence, we recommended use of TC Drug in rural (low income) areas for control of malaria. This is first report for using as a TC drug for controlling of insects (Aedes).
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. J. P. Chaurasia , Dr. J. P. Shukla, Neelam Pandey
Keywords
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