Application of Response Surface Methodology and Central Composite Design for the Optimization of Metformin Microsphere Formulation using Tangerine (Citrus tangerina) Pectin as Copolymer
Journal Title: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International - Year 2016, Vol 11, Issue 3
Abstract
Aims: To prepare metformin microspheres by ionic gelation using novel pectin from the peel of tangerine, Citrus tangerina (Rutaceae), as a copolymer with sodium alginate. Study Design: Central composite design and response surface methodology. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, between September 2015 and February 2016. Methodology: Central composite design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate the interactive effects of three variables: Percent of pectin in polymer blend, X1, (50 to 75% w/w), curing time, X2, (10 to 30 min) and concentration of chelating agent (calcium chloride), X3, (5 to 10% w/v) on entrapment and dissolution time (t90). Results: Entrapment efficiency was 59.10 to 94.90% and t90 was 6.52 to 10.50 h. X1 and X3 had significant effects on entrapment and t90 (p < 0.0001). The interactions between X2 and X3 was significant at p = 0.033 for entrapment. The correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.9557 and R2(Adj) = 0.9158 for entrapment; R2 = 0.9677 and R2 (Adj) = 0.9387 for t90) showed that the regression model represented the experimental data well. The optimization of the analyzed responses demonstrated that peak conditions for obtaining desired maximum responses, entrapment (102.66%) and t90 (12.27 h), were 82.91% w/w pectin; 36.33 min curing time and 7.50% w/w of calcium chloride. Conclusion: Tangerine pectin could serve as a cheaper alternative polymer for the formulation of microspheres.
Authors and Affiliations
Adenike Okunlola, Olawunmi Lateefat Akindele
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP342494
- DOI 10.9734/BJPR/2016/25095
- Views 77
- Downloads 0
A Summary of the Advances in Ophthalmic Drug Delivery via Iontophoresis and Microneedles
Drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye is a significantly challenging task due to the underlying physiological, anatomical and metabolic constraints. Delivery of drugs through ophthalmic route is significantly...
Potential for a Beneficial Effect of Theophylline on Extended Acute Inflammation: Review
Inflammation is often prolonged after sepsis, trauma and other acute pro-inflammatory events, particularly above the age of 80 years. Exposure to inflammation of inappropriate amplitude or duration is associated with a h...
Phytochemical Screening Antioxidant and Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Fagopyrum tataricum L. Extract
Objective: The objective of this work was the screening of different phytoconstituents and invitro antioxidant potential and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of aerial parts of Fagopyrum tataricum. Methods: Preliminary...
Molecular Characterization Using gtf Gene Detection and Medium Optimization of Beta-D-Glucan Production from Pediococcus parvulus F1030 Isolated from Local Egyptian Boza
Background: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have great benefits which can improve the nutritional value of food, reduces some infections, immune modulator effect, curbs some types of cancer and restricts glucose level of seru...
Cytotoxicity and Anti - Herpes Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants Cited for Management of HIV Conditions in Kakamega County – Kenya
Aim: To determine safety and anti-herpes activity of selected medicinal plants cited by Community Health Workers in Mukhwa sub-location, Bukaya location in Kakamega County, Kenya. Study Design: Ethno-medical interview fo...