Assessment of Farmers' Vulnerability and Adaptation to the Impact of climate Change in Chitwan and Parbat Districts of Nepal
Journal Title: International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research (IJASR) - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 6
Abstract
The research was conducted in order to assess the farmers' vulnerability, impact of climate change and adaptation towards it in Chitwan district of terai and Parbat district of mid-hill region of Nepal. Two VDCs from each district and 30 households from each VDCs, altogether 120 households were randomly selected for the study. Primary data was collected during field survey through pre-tested interview schedule (questionnaire), Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key Informants Interview (KII). Vulnerability index using integrated vulnerability approach based on the principal component analysis, logistic regression model, and scaling index were estimated to assess the result. Adoption rate of adaptation strategies was higher in Chitwan (73.33 percent) in comparison with Parbat (48.33 percent). Different adaptation strategies practiced by the farmers in the study area are change in crop varieties (80 percent), increasing irrigation/ water management (69.29 percent), application of organic manures and bio-fertilizers (66.70 percent), remittance and outside employment (61.70 percent), change in sowing and harvesting time (45.80 percent), moisture conservation and soil management practices (42.50 percent), change in cropping pattern or crop diversification (35.50 percent), IPM practices (32.35 percent), off-season vegetable cultivation (26.00 percent) and rain water harvesting (5.90 percent). Lack of information and knowledge concerning appropriate adaptation measures, low access to water, lack of technology, and poverty were seen as major barriers to the adaptation. Parbat (mid-hill) was more vulnerable to climate change by its least index (5.7) in comparison to Chitwan (terai) having high index (8.3). Social background or caste of the household, years of schooling of the household head, total cultivated landholdings of the household, saving of the household, training and extension services received and member of organization showed positive and significant impact on the farmers' decision of adopting different adaptation strategies. Policies should support to raise awareness towards climate change and adaptation strategies, disseminate the effective training programs and extension services, intensive research activities, provision of credit, and allocation of sufficient budget on climate change issues and agriculture sector.
Authors and Affiliations
N. Poudel, J. P. Dutta, D. Dhakal, G. B. K. C
Keywords
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