Assessment of Microbial Contamination if “As Received”and “Bench-Top Exposed” Orthodontic Materials: A VitroMicrobiologic Investigation
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
Introduction: The assumption of sterility of packed materials used in orthodontics may lead practitioners to use them without the necessary sterilization. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the microbial contamination of the orthodontic materials “as received” from the manufacturers and materials exposed to the clinical environment before using it in the patient. Materials & Methods:Orthodontic materials obtained from 3 different manufacturers (3M, GAC, TP Orthodontics) were divided into 2 categories (“as received” from the manufacturers and “bench top” materials exposed to the clinical environment). Microbiological investigation was carried out using aerobic and anaerobic culture media. Identification of Bacterial species was done and colony forming units (CFU/ml) were measured. Results: The most commonly used orthodontic materials were found to be contaminated. The species identified were Klebsiella, Streptococci and Citrobacter from elastomeric chains, molar bands, buccal tubes and lingual sheaths. Conclusion: new packed materials are not always free from bacterial contamination and it is pivotal for manufacturers to state and the practitioners to ensure the sterility of materials before use.The role of Sterilization is indispensable in daily clinical practice. Although all the instruments used in Orthodontics, as in dentistry, are sterilized before use, the same is not true for orthodontic archwires, brackets, and bands. The orthodontic materials are used “as received” from the manufacturers, often with the assumption that the level of hygiene in the manufacturing process and subsequent transportation is sufficient to allow them for clinical use. In an era, where the orthodontic armamentarium has been upgraded with novel therapeutic systems, it becomes an integral part of the clinical practice to know all relevant aspects of sterilization. Orthodontic treatment is often performed in the close proximity of gingival tissues. In presence of gingival inflammation, bacterial count is already increased in the oral cavity and if full-banded orthodontic appliances are used then it will further compromise the self-cleansing component of the dentition and oral hygiene practice by the patient. Thus, hyper plastic marginal gingivitis is an almost inevitable result of poor plaque control in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. In addition, amongst all orthodontic procedures, banding and debanding have a potential threat to gingival tissues. Placement of separators and procedure of banding or even mini-implants may cause trauma to the tissue and a niche for micro organisms. Purmal et al. [1] investigated the sterility of “as received” molar tubes and identified 3 species of bacteria mainly Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus [1].
Authors and Affiliations
Shikha Rastogi
Keywords
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- EP ID EP571735
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000288
- Views 176
- Downloads 0
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