ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: A CLINICAL STUDY
Journal Title: Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences Research - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of disability and death all over the world. In India, it is recognized as a major health problem requiring management from the primary health care level onwards. This study was conducted to estimate risk factors of COPD among study population. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in year 2015. A total of 5000 patients examined and 502 found positive of COPD. A detailed clinical history was also obtained. For the diagnosis of COPD, three criteria were used. 1. Cough with expectoration on most days of the week for 3 months of the year for at least 2 consecutive years, 2. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and (FEV1)/FVC value lower than 80% predicted as diagnosed by spirometry, and 3. Reversibility test result of B15% or B200 ml improvement in FEV1 compared to pre-bronchodilator FEV1. Results: Out of 5000 patients, 502 had COPD which included males (300) and females (202). The difference was non- significant (P > 0.05). We found that 350 were smokers and 152 were non smokers. The difference was significant (P- 0.01). 45% were using cigarette, 50% were using bidi, and 5% were using hookah. The difference was significant (P-0.02). 60% were using LPG as a fuel while 25% were using solid fuel and 15% were using kerosene. The difference was also significnat (P- 0.02). Most of the patients were having middle status (65%) while 20% comprised of low status and only 15% consisted of high status. The difference was significant (P-0.03). 50% were from urban area, 35% were from rural area and only 15% were from both. 55% had education level more than high school while 45 % had less than high school. Conclusion: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has high morbidity and mortality rate. The main causative factors are smoking in the form of cigarette, bidi and hookah. Air pollution caused by combustion fuel is contributing factor. Key words: Bidi, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoker
Authors and Affiliations
Abhishek Srivastava, Mridula Srivastava
Keywords
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