ASSESSMENT OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DELAY AMONG 0 - 3 YEAR OLD CHILDREN USING LANGUAGE EVALUATION SCALE, TRIVANDRUM
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 87
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communication1 is vital for both biological and social existence. Speech and language is a complex brain function. Language2 refers to the entire system of expressing and receiving information in a way that is meaningful and includes verbal, non-verbal and written forms, while speech is the audible manifestation of language and includes physical movement of lips, tongue and cords to produce sounds. Delay3 in acquiring language development is often an early and most sensitive indicator of intellectual disability, pervasive developmental disorder and specific learning disorders. Abnormalities in speech and language should be detected during the early stages of life itself, so that early intervention could be instituted. The critical period for speech development is till 3 years of age. Children4 with speech and language delays develop speech or language in the correct sequence but at a slower rate than expected, whereas children with speech and language2 disorders develop speech and language that is qualitatively different from typical development. Differentiating5 between delays and disorders can be complicated. For this it is important to have sensitive6 screening tests, which can detect subtle developmental abnormalities. Such tools should be simple so that they can be administered even by health workers after sufficient training and this practice should be implemented even at the primary health care level. Early intervention is very important to improve the final outcome. Tools like LEST are very important in this respect. Both receptive and expressive aspects of speech can be analysed using this tool. Speech assessment7 should be made an integral part of the development assessment programmes. Paediatricians, health professionals and parents should be made aware of speech evaluation and its importance. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of speech and language delay among 0 - 3 year old children and its association with antenatal and natal risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Type of Study- Descriptive study. Reference Population- Children in the age group of 0 - 3 years in Thiruvananthapuram district. Source Population- Children attending the well-baby clinic in Sree Gokulam Medical College who were willing to participate in the study. Study Sample and Sample Size Inclusion Criteria- 200 children in the age group of 0 - 3 years attending the well-baby clinic and willing to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria- Children with physical abnormalities, hearing loss or previously diagnosed developmental problems. RESULTS Of the 200 children studied, 22 had language delay (11%). Maximum one item delay was in the 19 - 24 months’ age group (50%); two or more item delay was maximum seen in 13 - 18 months’ age group (35.7%) and 19 - 24 months’ age group (28.5%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of language developmental delay is 11%. There is no significant association between antenatal, natal or post-natal risk factors and language delay from this study.
Authors and Affiliations
Swapna K Pillai, Veena Anand, Sreedevi Babu
Keywords
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- EP ID EP277696
- DOI 10.14260/Jemds/2017/1308
- Views 83
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