Assessment of surface and groundwater contamination by pesticides residues in a Sudano-Sahelian agricultural watershed (Korokoro, Mali)
Journal Title: International Journal of engineering Research and Applications - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 11
Abstract
Surface and groundwater contamination by pesticides (organochlorine, organophosphates and pyrethroids) was studied in the Korokoro watershed (60.6 km2 , Mali) where cotton and cereals (sorghum, maize etc.) are the main crops. Nine and eleven investigative domestic wells were monitored and sampled respectively in 2010 and 2011 at the end of each cropping season. At lysimeters scale, surface and groundwater contamination processes by pesticides in the watershed have been experimented also in 2010 and 2011 during each rainy season. Cotton was sown in each lysimeter box and after growthing all plants have been treated with the pesticide endosulfan which still used in cotton fields by watershed farmers although it has been banned worldwide. After each rainfall event in 2010 and 2011, runoff and infiltration samples were sampled in each lysimeter. All water samples collected in 2010 and 2011 from lysimeters and Korokoro watershed were analyzed by gas chromatography to quantify respectively endosulfan residues and the pesticides (profenofos, atrazine and cypermethrin) frequently used in cotton fields by the farmers. The results showed that all domestic wells water was mainly contaminated by organochlorine pesticides (dieldrin, 5.8 μg.L-1 and endosulfan, 1.8 μg.L-1 ). According to the experiments carried out in lysimeters, this contamination was mostly explained by runoff events in 2010 than 2011 ones (6.5 ± 2.9% against 0.1± 0.09% of exported matters) even if infiltration values in 2010 were less than those of 2011 (0.1 ± 0.09% against 0.2± 0.04% of exported matters). Other factors such as aeolian transport can also contribute to this contamination.
Authors and Affiliations
Maiga A, Diallo D, Blanchoud H, Alliot F, Chevrueil M, Cissé S A
Keywords
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- EP ID EP392835
- DOI 10.9790/9622-0711037381.
- Views 49
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